Affinity biosensors chemicals

Figure 15. Construction and proposed operational principle for the affinity biosensor based on the avidm-biotin interaction on a gold electrode surface. (Right) Molecular models of the chemicals used for electrode construction and affinity biosensing. (Adapted from Ref. [172]).

Application of capacitive affinity biosensors Biosensor Design and Application ed P R Mathewson and J W Finley (Washington, DC American Chemical Society) pp 89-104... 

Bresler H S era/ 1992 Application of capacitive affinity biosensors HIV antibody and glucose detection Biosensor Design and Application ed P R Mathewson and J W Finley (Washington, DC American Chemical Society) pp 89-104 Keese C R and Giaver I 1994 A biosensor that monitors cell morphology with electrical fields IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 13 402-8 Bao J-Z er al 1993 Impedance spectroscopy of human erythrocytes system calibration and nonlinear modelling IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-40 364-78... 

Affinity biosensors, namely genosensors, immunosensors and aptasensors, can be suitably developed to quantify the amount of many biohazard agents in environment. The list of the species possibly detectable by one of these sensor systems is quite wide. It ranges from simple chemical species, e.g. heavy metal ions, to more complex pathogenic microorganisms. ... 

Nucleic acid based affinity and electrochemical biosensors for potential environmental applications have recently been reported. Application areas for these include the detection of chemically induced DNA... 

Biosensors for inhibitor determination are based on the ability of inhibiting substances to become bound to the receptor component and decelerate the substrate conversion. Therefore, inhibitor sensors, similar to apoenzyme sensors and immunosensors, combine the affinity principle with enzymatic amplification reactions. In contrast to metabolism sensors, the binding is evaluated rather than the chemical reaction of the analyte. 

Much of the current agricultural abundance of the United States is due to the availabilty of chemical means of pest control. However, pesticides also represent a considerable threat to the environment when they are used improperly. For this reason the ability to measure pesticide residues at low concentrations in environmental matrices such as surface and groundwaters and soils is of great importance. In this paper we will describe a concept for a generic biosensor, the capacitive affinity sensor, capable of rapidly determining the concentration of many types of small molecules in the environment. 

A biosensor is a device that combines a biological component a recognition layer) and a physico-chemical detector component (a transducer). The transduction unit can be electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, magnetic, or calorimetric (1). Two groups of recognition molecules form the majority of biosensors affinity-based and catalytic-based biosensors. Affinity-based biosensors are used to bind molecular species of interest, irreversibly and noncatalytically. Examples include antibodies, nucleic acids, and... 

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