Biosensors for glucose detection

Figure 16. Schematic illustration of the MWNT-based biosensor for glucose detection. From reference 99.

Wang, S. G., Zhang, Q., Wang, R. L., and Yoon, S. F. (2003). A novel multi-walled carbon nanotube-based biosensor for glucose detection. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 311, 572-576. 

Wang, J., Carmon, K.S., Luck, L.A., and Suni, LI. (2005) Electrochemical impedance biosensor for glucose detection utilizing a periplasmic E. coll receptor protein. Elec-trochem. Solid-State Lett., 8 (8), H61-H64. 

Sol-gel nanocomposite-coated film electrodes were reported by Lev s group who proposed a sol-gel silicate/gold nanoparticle composite biosensor for glucose detection [27]. To fabricate a nanocomposite film electrode, one approach is... 

Wang JX, Sun XW, Wei A, Lei Y, Cai XP, Li CM, Dong ZL (2006) Zinc oxide nanocomb biosensor for glucose detection. Appl Phys Lett 88 233106... 

J. Tkac, E. Sturdik and P. Gemeiner, Novel glucose non-interference biosensor for lactose detection based on galactose oxidase-peroxidase with and without co-immobilised beta-galactosidase, Analyst, 125(7) (2000) 1285-1289. 

The most demonstrative example of detection is the operation of widespread biosensors for glucose with participation of glucose oxidase ... 

Recently, by embedding glucose oxidases inside Ti02 nanotube channels and electropolymerizing pyrrole for interfacial immobilization we have constructed a biosensor for amperometric detection and quantitative determination of glucose in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) under a potentiostatic condition (-0.4V versus SCE) [90], Promising results are obtained with a response time below 5.6 s and a detection limit of 2.0xl0"3 mM. 

The system was first applied for development of chemosensors for gaseous hydrogen chloride. Polyaniline, and its copolymers with different derivates of aniline were used. Then a similar approach was tested in the author s group for optimization of amperometric biosensors for glucose based on electrocatalytical detection of hydrogen peroxide. A pigment Prussian blue was used as an electrocatalyst for decomposition of this product of enzymatic oxidation of... 

The polyethylene membrane covered an electrochemical enzymatic biosensor. The construction scheme of the sensor is displayed in Fig. 25. The electrochemical basic electrodes consist of a platinum anode and a silver-silver chloride cathode. A thermally sensitive layer of glucose oxidase was localized directly on the anode surface and was covered by a 30-pm-thick hydrophobic polyethylene membrane. The biosensor for the detection of the glucose concentration is based on an enzyme (glucose oxidase)-cat-alyzed reaction of the analyte (glucose) and the subsequent electrochemical detection of a reaction product (electron current). A stoichiometric surplus of the coreactant oxygen has to be guaranteed. This is realized by the polyethylene membrane (membrane with analyte door ) controlling the glu-... 

Polysiloxane random co-polymers (with molecular weights of 5,000-10,000) with pendant ferrocene groups have recently been synthesized 37 via hydrosilylation of vinylferrocene or 9-ferrocenyl-l-nonene with a poly(methylhy-drosiloxane)-r-poly(dimethylsiloxane) random co-polymer (Equation (12)). These materials were used as ampero-metric biosensors for the detection of glucose. In this case, the polymers effectively mediated electron transfer between reduced glucose oxidase and a conventional carbon paste electrode. The response of the sensor to glucose was dependent upon the nature of the polymeric backbone. The optimal response was achieved by finding a compromise between increased polymer flexibility and decreased spacing between individual relay (i.e., ferrocene) sites. 

Gao X., Yang W., Pang P., Liao S., Cai Q., Zeng K., and Grimes C.A. 2007. A wireless magnetoelastic biosensor for rapid detection of glucose concentrations in urine samples. Sensors and Actuators B 128 161-167. 

An amperometric biosensor for the detection of glucose was fabricated by Pan et al. by immobilization of GOD in the electropol5mierized poly(o-aminophenol] (PoAP) and CNT composite film matrix [59]. Due to the higher surface area and good electrical conductivity of CNTs, the electrode had a LOD of 0.01 mM, and higher sensitivity than the biosensor based on only PoAP-GOD. 

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