Affinity-based

Such approximation is valid when the thickness of the polymeric layer is small compared to die thickness of die crystal, and the measured frequency change is small with respect to the resonant frequency of the unloaded crystal. Mass changes up to 0.05% of die crystal mass commonly meet this approximation. In die absence of molecular specificity, EQCM cannot be used for molecular-level characterization of surfaces. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance devices also hold promise for the task of affinity-based chemical sensing, as they allow simultaneous measurements of both tile mass and die current. The principles and capabilities of EQCM have been reviewed (67,68). The combination of EQCM widi scanning electrochemical microscopy has also been reported recently for studying die dissolution and etching of various thin films (69). The recent development of a multichannel quartz crystal microbalance (70), based on arrays of resonators, should further enhance die scope and power of EQCM. 

S. W., Melton, C. M. Estimation of electron affinity based on structure acfivity relafionships. Quant. Struct.-Activ. Rd. 1993, 12, 389-396. 

A number of affinity-based or chromatography methods have been used to prefractionate protein samples for 2D electrophoresis. For example, proteins of low abundance can be enriched from crude lysates by affinity-... 

Piehler J., Brandenburg A., Brecht A., Wagner E., Gauglitz G., Characterization of grating couplers for affinity-based pesticide sensing, Appl. Opt. 1997 36 6554-6562. 

Springer, A.L., Gall, A.S., Hughes, K.A., Kaisei R.J., Li, G., Lucas, D.D., Lund., K.P., Spicer, D.A., Wiley, J.P. (2002) Affinity-based immobilization tools for functional genomics. Presented at Transcriptome 2002 From Functional to Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, March 10-13, 2002. 

Shiraki, R. Brantley, S.L. 1995. Kinetics of near-equilibrium calcite precipitation at 100°C An evaluation of elementary reaction-based and affinity-based rate laws. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 1457-1471. 

Hybridization can also be performed in solution phase. Since the capture probe is in solution, the kinetics of hybridization is faster than when the capture probe is immobilized. In the solution phase hybridization format, the capture probe is labeled with an affinity label such as biotin that captures the sample target sequence. The labeled probe then binds to the sample target sequence to form the sandwich. After the hybridization is complete, the sandwich is transferred to an affinity support such as avidin or streptavidin, which will capture the sandwich through the biotin-labeled capture probe. Sandwich hybridization performed in solution followed by capture on an affinity support has been referred to as affinity-based hybrid collection (Kl). 

IMAP (immobilized metal ion affinity-based fluorescence polarization) Molecular Devices Trivalent metal ion containing beads bind to phosphorylated peptide producing FP signal change... 

Affinity-based CEC separations for the analysis of mannose-binding proteins... 

Exploring the leucine-proline binding pocket of the Src SH3 domain using structure-based, split-pool synthesis and affinity-based selection. /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 30-36. 

I. Filipuzzi SpeedScreen, a label-free, affinity-based high-throughput screening technology for the discovery of orphan protein ligands, Chimia 2004, 58, 585-587. 

Siddiqui, A., Alaoui-Ismaili, M.H. Identification of novel and selective Akt-1 inhibitors using affinity-based screening of both basal and activated forms of Akt-1. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 

In the past decade, MS has become an indispensable tool for the pharmaceutical industry at each stage in drug discovery (see Table 4.1 [4]). Primarily, MS has been employed at the drug development stage. However, due to major advances in affinity-based MS technologies, it is readily becoming a common tool for hit identification in the drug discovery process (see Table 4.2 [4]). A common theme... 

Comess KM, Schurdak ME Affinity-based screening techniques to enhance lead discovery. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 2004, 7, 411-416. 

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