Aeromonas caviae

Many rhizobacteria are classified as chitinolytic and, for example, Serratki marsescens, which excretes chitinase, was found to be an effective biocontrol agent against Sclerotium rolfsii (135). Similarly, Aeromonas caviae was found to reduce disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporuin, and Sclerotium rolfsii (136). There is also evidence to support the role of P-l,3 glucanase in biocontrol of soil-borne plant pathogens (137). 

J. Inbar and I. Chet, Evidence that chitinase produced by Aeromonas caviae is, involved in the biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens by this bacteria. Sod Biology and Biochemistry 23 913 (1991). 

There are only very few PHA synthases which can incorporate 3HASCL as well as 3HAmcl into the accumulated PHAs. Examples are the PHA synthases of T. pfennigii and Aeromonas caviae, which synthesize, for example, copolyesters of 3HB, 3HHx plus 3HO [26], or of 3HB plus 3HHx [59], from fatty acids, respectively. Recently it was found that the type I-PHASCL synthase of R. eutropha also conferred the incorporation of 3HHx [60] or of 3HO plus 3HD [61] into PHAs in addition to 3HB to certain recombinant strains of enterobacteria. 

Rhodospirillum rubrum Ha - Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 25903 —Acinetobacter sp. RA3849 —Aeromonas caviae FA440 —Rhodobacter sphaeroides... 

In Aeromonas caviae, 3-ketothiolase and acetoacetyl-CoA reductase are absent. In this species, the synthesis of poly(3HB) proceeds via an enoyl-CoA hy-dratase from either crotonyl-CoA or hexenoyl-CoA. The enoyl-CoA derivatives stem from the fatty-acid oxidation pathway [18]. 

The data of Loukidou et al. (2004) for the equilibrium biosorption of chromium (VI) by Aeromonas caviae particles were well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Sorption rates estimated from pseudo second-order kinetics were in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The results of XAFS study on the sorption of Cd by B. subtilis were generally in accord with existing surface complexation models (Boyanov et al. 2003). Intrinsic metal sorption constants were obtained by correcting the apparent sorption constants by the Boltzmann factor. A 1 2 metal-ligand stoichiometry provides the best fit to the experimental data with log K values of 6.0 0.2 for Sr(II) and 6.2 0.2 for Ba(II). 

Loukidou et al. (2005) fitted the data for the equilibrium sorption of Cd from aqueous solutions by Aeromonas caviae to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. They also conducted, a detailed analysis of sorption rates to validate several kinetic models. A suitable kinetic equation was derived, assuming that biosorption is chemically controlled. The so-called pseudo second-order rate expression could satisfactorily describe the experimental data. The adsorption data of Zn on soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida were fit with the van Bemmelen-Freundlich model (Toner et al. 2005). 

Loukidou MX., Zouboulis AI, Karapantsios TD, Matis KA (2004) Equilibrium and kinetic modeling of chromium(VI) biosorption by Aeromonas caviae. Colloid Surface A 242 93-104... 

Loukidou MX., Karapantsios TD, Zouboulis AI, Matis KA (2005) Cadmium(II) biosorption by Aeromonas caviae kinetic modeling. Separ Sci Technol 40 1293-1311... 

Aeromonas caviae, Proteus mirabilis, Rhodococcus sp. Acid Orange 7 More than 90% decolorization of the dye was achieved in 16 h [58]... 

Dye contaminated soil and sludge Acid Orange-7, yeast extract Consortium consisting of Aeromonas caviae, Proteus mirabilis and Rhodococcus globerulus [58]... 

Acid Orange 7 and many other dyes Bacterial consortium TJ-1 consisting of Aeromonas caviae, Proteus mirabilis, and Rhodococcus globerulus Decolorization of Acid Orange 7 was significantly higher with the consortium as compared to the individual strains. More than 90% decolorization could be achieved even at 200 mg L 1 within 16 h. The consortium also decolorized 15 other azo dyes individually as well as a simulated wastewater containing a mixture of all the 16 azo dyes [58]... 

Suzuki, T., Kitagawa, E., Sakakibara, F., Ibata, K., Usui, K., and Kawai, K., Cloning, expression, and characterization of a family 52 beta- xylosidase gene (xysB) of a multiple-xylanase-producing bacterium, Aeromonas caviae ME-1. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001, 65 (3), 487-94. 

Y (2005) Enhancement of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) production in the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by the in vitro evolved highly active mutants of polyhydioxy-alkanoate (PHA) synthase from Aeromonas caviae. Biomacromol 6 2126-2130... 

Due to this high speciflcity of PHA synthases, it was believed for a long time that one strain can either produce cZ-PHAs or mcZ-PHAs. Some exceptions were recently reported [86-88]. Today it is known that PHA synthases of the strains Thiocapsia pfennigii and Aeromonas caviae constitute exceptions within class III they are able to incorporate as weU scl- as mcl-hydroxyacyl-CoAs [87]. Another exception of the three-class system described above seems to be the polymerizing enzyme isolated from a Bacillus megaterium strain, which, by some scientists, is proposed as a fourth class of PHA synthases [89]. This enzyme type requires phaC genes that are similar to those in class III, but demands phaR instead of phaE [87]. 

Fukui T, Doi Y (1998) Expression and characterization of (/f)-specdlic enoyl coenzyme A hydiatase involved in polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis by Aeromonas caviae. J Bacteriol 180 667-673 Fukui T, Abe H, Doi Y (2002) Engineering of Ralstonia euttopha for production of poly(3-hydroxy-butyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) from fructose and solid-state properties of the copolymer. Biomacromolecules 3 618-624... 

The first production of poly(3HB-co-3HV), P(3HB-co-3HV), from ohve oils by Aeromonas caviae was described by Doi et al. (1995). Here, the polyester content in the cells was stiU rather low (6-12%). The feasibihty of using olive oil mill effluents as a substrate in biodegradable polymer production was studied by Dionisi et al. (2005), where ohve oil mill effluents were anaerobicaUy fermented at various concentrations combined with different pretreatments and without pretreatment to obtain volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate and valerate, which were used as substrates for PHA production. Olive oil miU effluents were also tested for PHA production by using a mixed culture from an aerobic sequencing batch reactor where olive oil miU effluents were centrifuged and tested with or without fermentation. The best results with regard to PHA production were obtained with... 

In addition, Aeromonas caviae can produce a random copol5nner of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid under aerobic conditions, when sodium salts of alkanoic acids of even carbon numbers and oUve oil are feeded (10). 

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