Adverse food reaction

Kiratiseavee S, Ranesg S Evaluation of pediatric patients admitted with adverse food reactions to an inner-city pediatric ED. J Allergy Chn Immunol 2007 119 S114. 

Since the MHLW designated shrimp/prawn and crab for mandatory labeling in June 2008 due to the almost unlimited use of crustacean in the processed foods in Japan and the status as a frequent cause of adverse food reactions in allergic patients, two ELISA methods for the determination of crustacean protein in processed foods have been developed (Seiki et al, 2007 Shibahara et al., 2007) EA test EIA-Crustacean [Nissui] produced by Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Crustacean Kit [Maruha ] produced by Maruha Nichiro Eoods, Inc. Both kits have been validated according to the Japanese validation protocol (Sakai et al., 2008) and are commercially available. All the commercial ELISA kits are shown in Table 4.9. 

Table 7.3 Epidemiology of adverse food reactions to food additives - key studies... 

Santadusit, S., Anthapaisalsarudee, S., and Vichyanond, P. (2005). Prevalence of adverse food reactions and food allergy among Thai children. /. Med. Assoc. Thai. 88(Suppl. 8), S27-S32. 

The diagnostic approach to suspected adverse food reactions begins with medical history and physical examination (Sampson, 1999a Burks, 2000). 

A wide spectrum of adverse reactions may occur after ingestion of food. Adverse food reactions can be divided on the basis of immunologic and nonimmunologic pathogenetic mechanisms (Johansson et al., 2001 Sicherer, 2002). 

Elimination diets are often used both in diagnosis and management of adverse food reactions. If certain foods are suspected of providing allergic symptoms or if the... 

Elimination of milk formula in infants lasts for at least 2 weeks. In this period, the infants are given extensively hydrolyzed casein or whey-based formulas. If they refuse to drink such formulas, adverse food reactions to these are suspected. The child should receive elementary (amino-acid) formula. If a breast-fed infant is suspected of hypersensitivity to cow s milk product or other food(s) via breast milk, the mother is also requested to temporarily avoid these products (Lifschitz, 2005). 

Other Tests IMon-IgE and IMonimmunological Adverse Food Reactions... 

Guarderas, J.C. 2001. Is it food Differentiating the cause of adverse food reactions to food. PostgradMed 109 125-127, 131-134. 

Adverse food reaction a general term applied to clinically abnormal responses to an ingested food or food additive... 

The true prevalence of adverse food reactions is unknown. In the United States, there is a public perception of 20-30% that one member of a household... 

Meanwhile, these chemicals—like chemical agents encountered at work or in hobbies or as pollutants in air, water, soil, or food—can also cause harm. Sometimes the known mechanisms of action permit us to predict the nature of toxicity to be expected. A meta-analysis of prospective studies from U.S. hospitals indicates that 6.7% of in-patients have serious adverse drug reactions 0.3% have fatal reactions (Lazarou et al., 1998). In fact, estimates of 40,000 to 100,000 deaths per year attributed to errors in medical care, primarily due to adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals, make this phenomenon a major cause of death in the United States (Meyer, 2000). A tremendous... 

Approximately 10% of new chemical entities (NCEs) show serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after market launch. Such events usually result in new black box warnings by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), label change or market withdrawal. The most common causes for these actions are hepatic toxicity, hematologic toxicity and cardiovascular toxicity [2], Reasons for such ADRs, which are identified only after NCEs are launched on the market, include the narrow spectrum of clinical disorders and participating patient profiles in clinical studies as well as the fact that serious ADRs are often rare and that the number of patient exposures required to identify such occurrences sometimes may range over a few millions [3],... 

Wysowski DK, Barash D. Adverse behavioral reactions attributed to triazolam in the Food and Drug Administration s Spontaneous Reporting System. Arch Intern Med 1991 151 2003-2008. 

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains a computerized human teratogen Information system as part of Its adverse drug reaction reporting... 

According to the Food and Drug Administration, an adverse drug reaction rate of 1 % is frequent or common. 

Kennedy, D. L., McGinnis, T. (1993, September). Monitoring adverse drug reactions The FDA s new MedWatch program. Rockville, MD Food and Drug Administration. 

Serious onsite injuries (Temporary disabling worker injuries), n Property damage 1 to 20 times base level. Moderate environmental impact (Cleanup or remediation in less than one week and no lasting impact on food chain, terrestrial life or aquatic life). Loss of production from 1 to 20 times base level. Minor offsite impact (Public nuisance - noise, smoke, odor, traffic). Potential adverse public reaction. 

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