Adhesive bonding standards

Fig. 2. Illustrations of forces to which adhesive bonds are subjected, (a) A standard lap shear specimen where the black area shows the adhesive. The adherends are usually 25 mm wide and the lap area is 312.5 mm. The arrows show the direction of the normal apphcation of load, (b) A peel test where the loading configuration, shown by the arrows, is for a 180° peel test, (c) A double cantilever beam test specimen used in the evaluation of the resistance to crack propagation of an adhesive. The normal application of load is shown by the arrows. This load is appHed by a tensile testing machine or other...

ASTM D3933, Standard Guide for Preparation of Aluminum Surfaces for Structural Adhesives Bonding, Phosphoric Acid Anodization, A.STM, West Conshohocken, PA. El-Mashri, S.M., Jones, R.G. and Forty, A.J., Philo.s. Mag. A, 48, 665 (1983). 

Adhesive Bonding Technique. Standard procedures for preparing adhesive bond specimens were used. The composite was initially sanded with 240 grit emery paper and then thoroughly rinsed with methylene chloride. Steel substrates were rinsed thoroughly with methylene chloride. Bonds were prepared as one inch overlap shear specimens bond thickness was 0.75 mm. Bond thickness was defined using 1.5 mm long wires of the appropriate thickness. 

Adhesives Bond Strength (105 Pa) (Standard Deviation) Normal Repeated Boil ... 

Ball, USP 2,643,611(1953) CA 47,9016 (1953)(Inhibitor strips for large-grain rocket propellants are attached by means of an adhesive consisting of NC dissolved in Et lactate, cello solve, mesiryl oxide, Bu acetate or diacetone alcohol. These solvents act as a mutual plasticiser for the material of the inhibitor strip and for the propellant itself) 5)G.Epstein, "Adhesive Bonding of Metals," Reinhold, NY(1954> 6)ASTM Committee D-l4on Adhesives, Standards on Adhesives, Specifications, Physical Tests, Definitions, Philadelphia, Penna(1954) 7)... 

Specifications and Standards," Washington, DC, vol 2(1958), pp 2-3 9)H.A.Perry, "Adhesive Bonding of Reinforced Plastics," McGraw-Hill, NY(1959) 10)J.J-Veliky ... 

ASTM D 896-84, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Adhesive Bonds to Chemical Reagents, specifies the testing of adhesive joints for resistance to solvents and... 

Elastomer materials specifications usually do not focus on the adhesive properties, but mainly address the chemical and physical properties of the rubber. Thus, the supplier has wide latitude within the specification to make changes in the compound formulation that could be disastrous to the adhesive bond. One solution is to qualify every new lot of elastomer material for adhesion as well as the more standard properties. 

Certain specifications and standards provide excellent tutorials on adhesives and sealants. For example, MIL-HDBK-691 offers a complete handbook on adhesive bonding, and MIL-HDBK-725 provides a guide to the properties and uses of adhesives. ASTM C 962 provides an excellent source of information regarding sealant joint design and the types of sealants that are appropriate for various substrates. Although this specification is primarily for construction sealants, much of the information that it contains is generally useful for other sealant applications. 

D 5686 Standard Specification for Fiberglass (Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Pipe Fittings, Adhesive Bonded Joint Type Epoxy Resin, for Condensate Return Lines... 

E 1512 E 1555 E 1793 Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Adhesive Bonded Anchors Specification for Structural Paste Adhesive for Sandwich Panel Repair Standard Practice for Preparation of Aluminum Alloy for Bonding in Foam and Beam Type Transportable Shelters... 

This brief summary report describes the state of the art of all types of cellular materials, particularly plastics and elastomers. The report is organized in the form of a handbook and has an Introduction and sections on Types of Foams (Cellular Materials), Methods of Manufacture, Foam Properties, Solvent Cementing and Adhesive Bonding of Foams, Methods of Making Foams Conductive, and Applications. There are two Appendices, one on Standardization Documents (Test Methods, Practices and Specifications) and the other on Definitions. 

D 1002 Standard Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to Metal)... 

However, good penetration into the wood is a very important aspect of wood bonding. Standards such as ASTM D 2559 require bond formation within the minimum and maximum of the recommended open and closed assembly times [9], Sufficient penetration into the wood is considered important for good bond formation, but overpenetration produces a starved bondline that is the weak link. Overpenetration does not occur with non-porous substrates thus, different factors need to be considered in formulating and using wood adhesives. A lower viscosity adhesive is normally better for the wetting and adhesion, but for wood the adhesive can be so thin as to overpenetrate into the wood. 

ASTM Standard D 5266, Standard Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints, ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA, June 1999. 

USSR GOST 23.2o3-78 "Method of Measuring Strength of Adhesive Bonds for Rubbed Solids Standards Publishers, Moscow, 1978. 

---