Making change

A client may choose to develop a toller who is qualified, but will need additional or improved equipment and technology to meet the eventual production levels required later in the life of the toll contract. The client may require the toller to make changes or modifications at their plant in order to effectively manufacture a particular product in increasing quantity. Some areas of concern applicable to scale up were listed in Various Points to Consider, Section 3.1. Additional considerations to address in the contract may include ... 

Significant experiences (both positive and negative) documented or communicated so that potentially affected operations could make changes to management practices or the conduct of operations, eliminating the hazard or helping with control of the hazard... 

A company s culture can make or break even a well-designed data collection system. Essential requirements are minimal use of blame, freedom from fear of reprisals, and feedback which indicates that the information being generated is being used to make changes that will be beneficial to everybody. All three factors are vital for the success of a data collection system and are all, to a certain extent, under the control of management. To illustrate the effect of the absence of such factors, here is an extract from the report into the Challenger space shuttle disaster ... 

The pilot study is likely to use all the same Quality Management tools that were used for the integration framework development (Chapter 5). However, the limited scope of the pilot study enforces some limitations and compromises—it will not be possible to make changes outside of the department covered by the pilot. Any existing interfaces with other departments must remain the same. This will impact the design phases of the work. For example, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) may currently be prepared locally, in the overall project it might be proposed to develop these centrally. However, for the pilot study it will not be possible develop the central resource so the pilot would have to continue to rely on local resources and there will be no efficiency improvement. 

Ionic liquids have been described as designer solvents [11]. Properties such as solubility, density, refractive index, and viscosity can be adjusted to suit requirements simply by making changes to the structure of either the anion, or the cation, or both [12, 13]. This degree of control can be of substantial benefit when carrying out solvent extractions or product separations, as the relative solubilities of the ionic and extraction phases can be adjusted to assist with the separation [14]. Also, separation of the products can be achieved by other means such as, distillation (usually under vacuum), steam distillation, and supercritical fluid extraction (CO2). 

We need to develop a systematic approach to analyzing the impact of making changes in the cormections between process units or in the size of units that are undertaken to improve operating costs, plant flexibihty, or safety. 

The similarity of the hardware required for APCl to that required for electrospray may be seen from comparing Figures 4.9 and 4.22 and makes changing between the techniques convenient from a practical point of view. The complementary nature of the two ionization techniques may, therefore, be readily utilized. 

Data Resource Files allow the user to access all pertinent data as needed, reducing the need for programmer support or hard code to access specialized variables. The data storage format is very user friendly in that if a user wishes to make changes, he can comment fields as desired and does not need to worry about a formatted sequential file sti ucture. 

Evaluate current asthma therapy and make changes when necessary. 

A control mechanism is introduced that makes changes to the process in order to cancel out the negative impact of disturbances. In order to achieve this, instruments must be installed to measure the operational performance of the plant. These measured variables could include... 

Q Remove some existing piping and make changes in existing equipment 16 5,000 8 7,000 250... 

What is most surprising is the utility of the system in development work to obtain optimum application properties for the product. Our formulators have found that the evaporation curve (% evaporation vs. time) can be manipulated to improve different application properties (e.g., sagging, application lattitude, popping, etc.). Model predictions first provide base points, from which the formulator makes changes in the formulation and correlate the predictions with actual experimental observations. Correlation between model predictions and experimental observations appear to exist for most product lines. 

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