Adenoviral delivery systems

Genetic Basis of Lung Cancer Gene Transfer Techniques Adenoviral Delivery Systems p53 Gene Transfer in Lung Cancer Preliminary Clinical Trials with p53 Gene Transfer in Lung Cancer Conclusions References... 

Other studies have used an adenoviral delivery system to invoke a protective immime response in mice (Tan et al. 

Other studies have used an adenoviral delivery system to invoke a protective immune response in mice (Tan et al., 2003). Immimization with this form of vaccine demonstrated a rapid anti-PA antibody response at a higher level than that of the cinrent vaccine. Further, this method of delivery offered a longer protection time in comparison with that of the rPA vaccine. However, current public fears of using a virus as an immunization vector, coupled with the lack of similar findings with other model systems, make it imperative to further research this potential area of vaccine technology. 

C. Systemic administration of adenoviral vectors has not been used in the treatment of hemophilia because of the transient gene expression and immunogenic consequences of adenoviral delivery. All of the other approaches are under investigation or have been published in the literature on treatment of hemophilia. 

C.M. Howard, F. Forsberg, C. Minimo, J.B. Liu, D.A. Merton, P.P. Claudio, Ultrasound guided site specific gene delivery system using adenoviral vectors and commercial ultrasound contrast agents, J. Cell. Physiol. 209 (2006) 413-421. 

Viruses Viruses provide a unique and extremely efficient method of insertion of genes into mammalian cells, such as human bone marrow stem cells. SV 40, adenovirus, vaccine virus, and polyomavirus have been used as gene transfer vectors. A non-replicating adenoviral vector that efficiently infects human cells has recently been developed. The essential feature of a retroviral gene delivery system is the presence of an RNA copy of the replacement gene that is packaged in a viral particle, capable of specific and efficient entry into the cytoplasm of a cell. A retrovirus consists of... 

Szentirmai O, Baker CH, Bullain SS, T.in N, Takahashi M, Folkman J, Mulligan RC, Carter BS. Successful inhibition of intracranial human glioblastoma multiforme xenograft via systemic adenoviral delivery of soluble endostatin and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 laboratory investigatioiL J Neurosurg. 

A more selective inhibition of NFkB can be achieved by transfecting cells with DNA coding for the natural inhibitor IkBo or a mutant IkB protein that lacks 36 N-terminal amino acids, and consequently becomes proteolysis resistant. In this way expression of adhesion molecules and monocyte adhesion and transmigration can be inhibited [87,88], The potentials and limitations of these latter types of therapy are however not fully understood as yet. Different transfection systems (adenoviral, retroviral, non-viral) are available for gene delivery purposes, all with their own potentials and restrictions. 

Gallo-Penn, A. M., Shirley, P. S., Andrews, J. L., Tinlin, S., Webster, S., Cameron, C., Hough, C., Notley, C., Lillicrap, D., Kaleko, M. and Connelly, S. (2001). Systemic delivery of an adenoviral vector encoding canine factor VIII results in short-term phenotypic correction, inhibitor development, and biphasic liver toxicity in hemophilia A dogs. Blood 97, 107-113. 

Reddy, P. S., Sakhuja, K., Ganesh, S., Yang, L., Kayda, D., Brann, T., Pattison, S., Golightly, D., Idamakanti, N., Pinkstaff, A., Kaloss, M., Baijot, C., Chamberlain, J. S., Kaleko, M. and Connelly, S. (2002). Sustained human factor VIII expression in hemophilia A mice following systemic delivery of a gutless adenoviral vector. Mol. Ther. 5, 63-73. 

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