Additives alloy

However, much wider appHcation of this alloy in the foundry industry has developed (109). Subsequently, two additional alloys were developed containing 8% aluminum (No. 8) and 27% aluminum (No. 27) (110) compositions are given in Table 21 (89,111,112). These alloys can also be pressure die cast. 

Besides Type A lead, nine lead alloys are specified in British Standards for various purposes. Their compositions and impurity limits are given in Table 4.13. In addition, alloys for batteries and for anodes are of importance. In due course it is likely that European standards will supersede the current national ones... 

The constituent elements of anode materials, other than the basis metal, are present whether as a result of being impurities in the raw materials or deliberate alloying additions. The impurity elements can be deleterious to anode performance, thus it is necessary to control the quality of the input materials in order to achieve the required anode performance. Since this will usually have an adverse impact on costs it is often desirable to tolerate a level of impurities and to overcome their action by making alloying additions. Alloying elements may also be added for other reasons which are important to anode production and performance. These matters are discussed in this section. 

Since 1980, the zinc-5-aluminium (notably Galfan which has a mischmetal addition) alloys, which are essentially based on the eutectic structure, have been developed commercially. They give 30-200% increase in corrosion resistance in the atmosphere and are extremely flexible. They can be used for sheet, wire and some types of tube galvanising whereas the zinc-55%-aluminium alloy is restricted to sheet. 

Figure 6.30. The surface activities of various Pt-Ru-M ternary alloys. The additional alloy atoms, M, on the surface are listed along the horizontal axis. Pure Pt denotes monometal Pt Pt denotes the binary alloy Pt/Ru (adapted from [69]).

In addition, alloys without the optimum levels of chromium can be treated to produce good corrosion behavior, thereby allowing the use of lower Cr material in some applications. New materials, possibly without any Cr, may well require careful pretreatment before placed in service (49). 

Upon additional alloying ternary carbonitrides quaternary carbonitrides are obtained. The group 4 and 5 transition metal carbides and nitrides are completely miscible except TiN-VC and ZrN-VC. Thus, modified material properties can be obtained (see also Section 9.2). Information on the properties of these carbides are still scarce," a few data are given in Figure 13 and Table 4. 

The effect of additional alloying elements can be illustrated with ZrMUj, the hydride of which has a dissociation pressure of 0.1 kPa (see Table 1). The addition of 0.8... 

System Ti-B-X represents a basis for development of alloys with a high stiffness, especially at additional alloying with aluminum [24], Titanium boride has high Young modulus and simultaneously it is practically insoluble in titanium matrix. Aluminum is one of few elements, which being dissolved in titanium increases Young modulus of matrix. 

The high-strength cast alloys with good castability and increased mechanical properties were elaborated on the base of eutectic composition A1 - 13 vol. % Mg2Si with additional alloying by transition and rare-earth metals [26,27],... 

The proposed approach is realized in designing new cast a-Al-Mg2Si alloys of A1 - Mg - Si ternary system. By means of additional alloying of these alloys all mechanisms of hardening (composite, solid solution and... 

In the present work, properties of two developmental Al-Zn-Mg-Cu wrought alloys that have about 7% Zn are reported. The alloy compositions were based on the composition of a 7XXX commercial alloy however, the alloys were additionally alloyed with Zr, Sc, and some other dispersoid-forming elements. The required combination of high strength and high ductility was achieved by proper selection of the alloy composition and modification of the processing parameters. 

Additional alloying Ti-Si-alloys with 3-wt.% A1 and 5-wt.% Zr does not change the principal influence of silicon on titanium however suppresses strongly its ductility (from 16% to 4% at 2-wt.% Si) and enhances slightly tensile strength (for -100 MPa). 

Casting brasses contain additional alloying elements to improve castability and may be poured into complex shapes with low porosity and good mechanical properties. Applications include low pressure valves and fittings. 

Beside the beneficial effect of the addition alloying metallic elements that contribute to the increased corrosion resistance, the amorphous structure itself is also responsible for the very low corrosion. For example, crystalline alloys with the same composition exhibit high rates of dissolution. The chemically homogeneous, single-phase nature of amorphous alloys is believed to account for their corrosion resistance (8, 100, 101). This also allows for the formation of a uniform, protective film on the surface of amorphous alloy electrodes. 

ORIGIN/INDUSTRY SOURCES/USES manufacture of white metal, bullets, bearing metal in fireworks thermoelectric piles coating metal blackening iron semiconductor devices paint pigments rubber vulcanization agents ceramic additive alloys antimony oxide lead storage batteries solder... 

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