Result, actual

The figures show typical signals obtained from an ID inspection of non-ferromagnetic tubing with artificial flaws, Figure 1, and actual results on steel tubing. Figure 2. 

A class of analytical students is asked to analyze a steel sample to determine the %w/w Mn. (a) Given that the steel sample is 0.26% w/w Mn, estimate the expected relative standard deviation for the class results, (b) The actual results obtained by the students are... 

Prohibition, which made the sale of spirits illegal from 1920 to 1933, actually resulted in increased consumption from 530 to 750 million titers annually. At the end of Prohibition, many mergers occurred and modem technology was introduced to the industry. 

Data quality assessment requirements are related to precision and accuracy. Precision control limits are established, i.e., 4-10% of span value, as calculated from Eq. (15-1). The actual results of the may be used to calculate an average deviation (Eq. 15-3) ... 

Many of the incidents did not actually result in death, serious injury, or serious damage—they were near-misses. But they could have had much more serious consequences. We should learn from these near-misses, as well as from incidents that had serious results. 

Advocates of the global approach would argue that human activities are essentially goal-directed (the cognitive view expressed in Chapter 2), and that this cannot be captured by a simple decomposition of a task into its elements. They also state that if an intention is correct (on the basis of an appropriate diagnosis of a situation), then errors of omission in skill-based actions are imlikely, because feedback will constantly provide a comparison between the expected and actual results of the task. From this perspective, the focus would be on the reliability of the cognitive rather than the action elements of the task. 

Thermochemical quantities are difficult to model very accurately (so good results really do imply a good method). Errors can generally be assumed to represent a worst-case scenario for the model, and actual results for easier properties may be better. 

Calculate the column net inside diameter from the area values. Round to the nearest practical commercial column diameter such as 12 in., 15 in., 18 in., 24 in., 30 in., 36 in., and in increments of 6 in. Then recalculate the actual resulting vapor velocity. 

However just stating these objectives will not make it happen nor will it provide the means of measuring the success of the program. Establish specific objectives, i.e. reduce un-scheduled maintenance by 20 per cent, or increase production capacity by 15 per cent. In addition to quantifying the expected goals, define the methods that will be used to accomplish each objective and the means that can be used to measure the actual results. 

It is easy to see that this expression has two minima within the Brillouin zone. One minimum is at fc = 0 and gives the correct continuum limit. The other, however, is at k = 7t/a and carries an infinite momentum as the lattice spacing a 0. In other words, discretizing the fermion field leads to the unphysical problem of species doubling. (In fact, since there is a doubling for each space-time dimension, this scheme actually results in 2 = 16 times the expected number of fermions.)... 

This value does not express the actual result since side and/or parallel reactions (e.g., H+ or 02 reduction) are not considered, but it does demonstrate the completeness of the cementation process and the effectiveness of this liquid-liquid extraction. During this extraction no external current flows through the phase boundary Hg (amalgam)/solution thereby establishing a potentiometric condition. The question of the potential difference at the phase boundary can be answered by constructing the experimentally accessible current-voltage curves for the reactions ... 

The procedure may be illustrated by the actual results obtained for the potentiometric titration of 25.0 mL of ca 0.1 M ammonium iron(II) sulphate with standard (0.1095M) cerium(IV) sulphate solution using platinum and saturated calomel electrodes ... 

The actual result is this The chains are broken when Cu24 is added. The reaction slows considerably but does not come to a halt. Kinetic studies show that the order with respect to [RM] drops from f to 1 with Cu2+ added and that the order with respect to [02] rises from 0 to 1. One term shows an inverse first-order dependence on [Cu2+], The rate under these conditions became... 

It is seen that, individually, all the curves appear linear and any one of the five curves might be considered to give accurate quantitative results. However, the actual results that would be obtained from the analysis of a binary mixture containing 10% of one component and 90% of the other, employing detectors with each of the five response factors, is shown in Table 1. 

Use of a small excess of isocyanate reduces this decrease. A large excess of isocyanate can actually result in increasing crosslink density with humidity. 

The evaluation is carried out in close collaboration with an expert in the particular field of R D or by the researcher himself. At the beginning, a pre-selection of optimisation parameters and a range of parameter variations is made, which at this point rarely represents a starting configuration, and can be varied by considering actual results at any time. 

Compare the actual results with your predicted results. 

The rate or the kinetic equations actually result from the law of mass action which states that, at a constant temperature, the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the product of the concentrations of the reactants. In order to elaborate, by way of illustration the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine, represented in the following manner, is considered ... 

Based on the actual result of every individual measurement, it has to be checked whether a decision may now be taken or whether studies have to be continued. According to the final aim of sequential analysis, one can differentiate between closed sequential test plans that always come to a decision A > B or A < B (possibly with a large test expenditure) and open sequential test plans, which also allow - after a certain test expenditure -the statement A = B. 

It is the emission spectrum of the acceptor multiplied by the abundance of the donor (attenuated by the fraction of donor emissions that actually result in FRET), then multiplied by a factor... 

Substituting into the original equations and calculating the differences between predicted and actual results, we find the results shown in Table 5-2. 

Studies of cathodic reduction have been few. Amusingly, attempted anodic oxidation of the furyl ketone 123 actually resulted in cathodic reduction to the dimer 124 the corresponding ester was oxidized normally, however.301 Sometimes the dimethoxydihydrofurans formed in oxidation processes are reduced in a side reaction leading to the tetrahydrofuran derivatives.302 By using dimethylformamide as solvent instead of the protic solvents used formerly, a Czech group has demonstrated that the cathodic reductions of furans can produce fairly stable anion radicals having ESR spectra which agree well with theory.3023... 

Many investigators of steric stabilization have measured colloidal stability without taking the effort to find out whether the stability actually resulted from electrostatic stabilization. In many published articles it has been concluded that steric stabilization had been attained and further study showed this was not the case. One such example is a recent paper on "steric" stabilization by an additive of the same type used in this work. (12) The published photograph shows the silica particles in oil stabilized at interparticle separations several times the distances provided by the adsorbed films no electrical measurements had been made, but it they had, this particular dispersant would have provided about -200 mV of zeta-potential and given excellent electrostatic repulsion. The reader should be wary of any claims of steric stabilization unless the electrostatic contribution has been measured. 

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