Active soil

Living things, plants and ices are able to keep the results of environment impact, an information of that kind is recorded, for examples, by trees in a view of year layers (or Greenland ices). This recorded knowledge keeps a various facts about climate changes mechanisms, about solar activity, soil conditions and, in particular, the level of this very region contamination. 

At the Taylor Road landfill (originally intended for the disposal of municipal refuse only), unknown quantities of hazardous wastes from industrial and residential sources were deposited. During the period when the landfill was active, soil and groundwater samples collected at the site were found to contain concentrations of volatile organic compounds and metals above acceptable safe drinking water standards. Analysis of samples collected from private drinking water wells indicated that contamination... 

In many industrial halls, conduction inro the ground is a major factor for heat loss. Therefore, an adequate modeling of the floor slab and the underlying, thermally active, soil is very crucial for reliable simulation resuirs. In this case, the soil model in the TRNSYS model was established using results from an additionally performed finite-element program analysis. 

Other tests to determine bacterial-notably sulphate reducing-activity, soil resistivity, pH, redox potential, etc., will provide valuable data to supplement the results obtained with test specimens. A useful account of some of these was given in Reference 336 and they are also discussed in Sections 2.6 and 10.7. A scheme for assessment of corrosivity of soils based on some of the above parameters has been given by Tiller . 

Guthrie EA, FK Pfaender (1998) Reduced pyrene bioavailability in microbially active soils. Environ Sci Tech-nol 32 501-508. 

J. N. Ladd, Foster, P. Nannipieri, and J. M. Oades, Soil structure and biological activity Soil Biochemistry Volume 9 (G. Stotzky and J. M. Bollag, eds.), Marcel Dekker. New York, 1996, pp. 23-78. 

Protocols for rhizosphere sampling need to be developed. Upon quantifying processes at the rhizosphere level, we may find whether large or small rhizosphere volumes or high or low rates of exudation are plant-specific and how they will benefit plants. This is not clear as yet and is an area for future research. In addition, reliable methods that enable us to distinguish between dormant and active soil microbial biomass could represent the crucial step in order to mechanistically understand C and N flows among plants, soil, and microbes in the rhizosphere. 

J. L. Mawdsley and R. G. Burns, Inoculation of plants with a Flavobacterium species results in altered rhizosphere enzyme activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 26 871 (1994). 

M. A. Tabatabai and J. M. Bremner, Use of p-nitrophenylphosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biol Biociwm 7 301 (1969). 

H. Van der Werf and W. Verstraete, Estimation of active soil microbial biomass by mathematical analysis of respiration curves development and verification of the model. Soil Biol. Biochem. 19 252 (1987). 

Needelman BA, Wander MM, Bollero GA, Boast CW, Sims GK, Bullock DG (1999) Interaction of tillage and soil texture biologically active soil organic matter in Illinois. Soil Sci Soc Am J 63 1326-1334... 

Hattori H (1992) Influence of heavy metals on soil microbial activities. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 38 93-100... 

Ros M, Klammer S, Knapp B, Aichberger K, Insam H (2006) Long term effects of compost amendment of soil on functional and structural diversity and microbial activity. Soil Use Manage 22 29-218... 

Wander MM, Traina SJ, Stinner BR, Peters SE (1994) Organic and conventional management effects on biologically active soil organic matter pools. Soil Sci Soc Am J 58 1130-1139... 

In any aqueous solution, the pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion or proton activity. However, in many if not most cases, pH is treated as the concentration of protons in solution rather than their activity. Soil solutions are no different except that the measurement is much more complex. The complexity arises from two sources ... 

In the second type of analysis, high-energy bombardment of soils with neutrons, on the other hand, leads to what is called neutron activation. Reemission of radiation from neutron-activated soil allows for the identification of the elements present. This type of analysis typically requires a source of high-energy neutrons and so requires special equipment [8],... 

CASRN 34014-18-1 molecular formula C9H16O4OS FW 228.32 Soil. In microbially active soils, tebuthiuron degrades via demethylation. The average half-life in soil is 12-15 months in areas receiving 60 inches of rainfall a year (Humburg et al., 1989). 

Formation of bonnd residnes is related mainly to the fate of crop protection chemicals and other toxic waste organics in the biologically active soil snrface, dnring and after chemical redistribntion in the snbsnrface over long periods of time. 

Soil is one of the most important natural resources because it is the central basis for all agricultural activity. Soil conservation is most important as it maintains the productive capacity of this resource. Environmental effects related to different uses of soil are equally important. 

Most of the products identified in these studies are considerably more biodegradable than the parent materials and should be degraded or bound more rapidly than the parent compounds in biologically active soils. 

Garcia, C. Hemandes, T. Effect of bromacil and sewage sludge addition on soil enzymatic activity. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 1996, 42, 191-195. 

Zielezny Y., J. Groeneweg, H. Veieecken, and W. Tappe (2006). Impact of sulfadiazine and chlorotetracycline on soil bacterial community structure and respiratory activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38 2372-2380. 

Activity Soil Venting with Direct Off-gas Discharge Soil Venting with Off-gas Treatment Bioventing... 

The primary application of the PSVE technology will likely be to complement active soil vapor extraction efforts. PSVE could also be used on the edge of unsaturated zone contaminant plumes where concentrations of volatile contaminants are low or for enhancement of bioremediation activities. The primary advantages of PSVE application are low capital costs and minimal operating costs. One-way valves may also be incorporated so that the system only takes in or lets out air through wells. 

Based on a cost analysis performed at the U.S. Department of Energy s Hanford site, in Richland, Washington, PSVE was found to be a cost-effective method for remediation of soils containing lower concentrations of volatile contaminants. PSVE used on wells that average 10 standard cubic feet per minute (scfm) airflow rates was found to be more cost-effective than active soil vapor extraction for concentrations below 500 parts per million (ppm) by volume of carbon tetrachloride. For wells that average 5 scfm, PSVE is more cost effective below 100 ppm (D14489S, p. iii). For further details of this analysis, refer to Table 1. 

Soil Soil organic matter (SOM) and acidity (pH value) Biological activity Soil structure Erosion Desertification... 

Brooks, P. D., D. M. McKnight, and K. E. Bencala. 1999. The relationship between soil hetero-trophic activity, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachate, and catchment-scale DOC export in headwater catchments. Water Resources Research 35 1895—1902. 

Nannipieri, P., B. Ceccanti, C. Conti, and D. Bianchi. 1982. Hydrolases extracted from soil Their properties and activities. Soil Biol. Biochem. 14 357-263. 

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