Accidents, risk among

Acceptability, blended foods, 146-148 Accidents, risk among Adventists, 164-165 Activities... 

Laflamme, L. (1996). Age-related accident risks among assembly workers A longitudinal study of male workers employed in the Swedish automobile industry. Journal of Strfety Research, 27(4), 259-268. 

Sagberg, F. (1998). Month-by-month changes in accident risk among novice drives. Paper... 

The other specific causes of death which are shown on Table I (coronary disease, stroke, accidents and suicide) are known to be related to alcohol or tobacco use. However, for fatal coronary disease, which is the major killer in this country, the risk among... 

Chapter 9 presents a new kind of comprehensive data on all injurious accidents (10-year time span) involving employees n = 13,000) of two large workplaces in Finland. This study mainly aims to clarify and assess the significance of risks among employees in different lost-time injury (LTI) accident categories, namely accidents at work, at home and during leisure lime, as well as when commuting to or from the work site. 

Using the Dunser s table (Table 4.14 above), five accidents could have presented lethal risk among the 26 skin cases reports to hydrofluoric acid, but no sign of systemic effect was observed. Decontamination with HEXAFLUORINE solution was immediately performed in most of the cases and followed by calcium gluconate, if needed. No surgical treatment or long hospitalization was necessary, except with a delayed use, where the HF bum has already developed. 

In this way, is possible to verify in Table 1 that section 8 presents the highest value of risk among the sections that were analyzed, when all three risk dimensions are considered human, financial and environmental. The highest losses related to the likely consequences of accidents are expected for the section 8. Additionally, it is verified that the increment in the risk values from section 5 to section 9 is 6 times greater than that from section 9 to section 6. In the same way the increment in the risk values from section 2 to section 1 is almost 12 times greater than that from section 1 to section 7. 

Figure 2 shows the injury rate for the accident risks analyzed in this study. The injury rate is estimated using all the accidents causing at least 1 injury. Similar to fatalities, onshore blowouts show a substantially higher relative risk in comparison to the use of hazardous substances. Among the latter, caustic soda shows a higher risk than benzene and toluene. Therefore, as for fatalities, the drilling phase results to be more risk prone in terms of injuries compared to the operational phase. 

Detection is a barrier function that enters early in the event sequence of a process accident scenario it will hence be among the first branching events of a corresponding event tree and so its performance will significantly influence the process accident risk model. Moreover, process accidents are characteristically found to be the dominating risk contributor in Quantitative Risk Assessments (QRAs) of offshore oil and gas producing platforms. 

Near-accident reporting creates an increased knowledge and awareness among the employees about accident risks. 

For passenger transportation, the situation may be somewhat different. There is not the equivalent of the AAR s Freight Loss and Damage Report which passengers can use to evaluate accident risks. While all the necessary information would be available from the annual Accident /Incident Bulletin and from NTSB accident reports, this information does not circulate widely among the general public. 

IPE results genrally are consistent with the results of previous NRC and industry risk studies in indicating that the CDF is often determined by many accident sequence combinations, rather than a failure. The largest contributors to CDF vary among the plants (e.g., LOCAs dominate some IPE while station blackout [SBO] dominates others). Support systems, whose design varies considerably with plant, are important to all plants because they can cause multiple front-line system failures. This may account for much of the variability in the IPE results. 

The severe accident research program improved public risk assessment, reduced uncertainties, and the reliance on subjective expert opinion. To close two severe accident issues in NRC s Severe Accident Research Plan (NUREG-1365) Mark I Liner Attack and Direct Containment Heating (DCH) were addressed with a new approach using the Risk Oriented Accident Analysis Method (ROAAM) (Theofanous, 1994, 1989). The resolution of the Mark-I Liner Attack issue constitutes the first full demonstration of ROAAM. It emphasizes the determinism and provides a basis for synergistic collaboration among experts through a common communication frame. 

Many of the accidents considered in the investigation could occur without causing any significant public casualties. However, if the conditions at the time of the accident were sufficiently unfavorable, the number of deaths among the public could range from tens up to thousands (Table 11.4-1). Table 11.4-1 is the summarized population risk assessed by the study team. It is in frequency per 10,(XX) years of an accident at the indicated facility that causes casualties exceeding the indicated limit. Reference should be made to Canvey (1978) for details. 

The risk inventory or risk evaluation is die ne. t part of die hazard survey. It is not practical to expect the plan to cover every potential accident. When die hazards liave been evaluated, die plan should be focused on die most significant ones. This risk assessment stage requires die technical expertise of many people to compare die pieces of data and detennine die relevance of each. Among die important factors to be considered in performing die risk evaluation are die following ... 

Environmentally hazardous projects are those where the risk of accidents is very high, which can result in a major and sometimes even catastrophic chemical pollution of the environment. Frequently, these disasters take casualties among the plant personnel, as well as among the nearby settlements population, which were the cases with the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant disaster in Ukraine, or with the pesticide plant accident in Bhopal, India. 

Among the issue with mobile risk sources are, for example, transport of high volumes of hazardous substances through densely populated areas, parking the tanker vehicles at improper sites, passage of the tanker vehicles through the spots with the highest occurrence of car accidents etc. 

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