Accidents railway

Chapters 7 and 8 are devoted to rail safety and to truck and bus safety, respectively. Chapter 7 covers topics such as causes of railway-related accidents and incidents, general classifications of rail accidents by effects and causes, rail derailment accidents and incidents and their causes, telescoping-related railway accidents, railway accidents in selected countries, railroad tank car safety, and methods for performing rail safety analysis. Some of the topics covered in Chapter 8 are top truck and bus safety issues, truck safety-related facts and figures, the most-cited truck safety-related problems, safety-related truck inspection tips, bus and coach occupant fatalities and serious injuries, transit bus safety and key design-related safety feature areas, and vehicle safety data sources. 

Marshall (1986) describes the accident at BASF in Ludwigshafen drawing extensively on original data. On July 28, 1948, a railway tank car suffered a catastrophic failure and discharged its entire contents of 30,400 kg of dimethyl ether. The... 

National Transportation Safety Board. 1975. Hazardous materials accident in the railroad yard of the Norfolk and Western Railway, Decatur, Illinois, July 19, 1974. Report No. NTSB-RAR-75-4. National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, DC. 

Rail accidents entailing escapes of haztu dous material happen mostly in the wake of rtiil crashes or derailments. Mechanical failures of rolling stock and faults in the rail track are frequent causes of these. Anotlier hazard of railways is fires along the track, caused bj engine or brake shoe sparks. 

Wright L.B., Schaaf van der T.W., 2003. Accident versus near miss causation a critical review of the literature, an empirical test in the UK railway domain, and their implications for other Sections, ESReDA Seminar on Safety Investigation of Accidents, Petten. 

On February 6, 2005—a month after the Graniteville wreck—the three-man crew accused of failing to switch the railroad track back to the main line before disaster hit were fired by Norfolk Southern Railways. A railroad spokesman stated that the workers were terminated because they failed to perform their duties properly. Union officials said the three men will appeal, and each man had at least twenty-five years experience. The accident on January 6, 2005, killed nine people and injured hundreds more. 

The effects of transport on economy, people and on the environment are manifold. They include the consequences of transport accidents and fatalities, nuisance and health effects caused by steady noise exposure, air emissions and the exhaust and resuspension of particles, climate impacts by the emission of greenhouse gases, soil and water contamination, and the deterioration of natural habitats. Moreover, the financial burden of infrastructure provision and the additional travel and production costs caused by congestion should be mentioned but these items are mainly borne by transport users themselves and thus are only partly imposed on society as a whole. Not all of these effects are equally relevant for all means of transport. While accidents constitute the major problem of car travel, the railways definitely face a noise problem and air transport contributes most to the emission of climate gases. 

In Upper Silesia, in the summer of 1921, while unloading caked ammonium nitrate from a railway car in order to make the work easier shot holes were bored in the material, and charged with an ammonium nitrate explosive, whereupon the charges were exploded. The detonation of these charges was followed by the detonation of ammonium nitrate contained in the car. The detonation was transmitted to ammonium nitrate in the neighbouring car. This accident claimed numerous victims and was accompanied by appreciable material damage. 

Elemental chlorine, Cl2 (mp, -101°C bp, -34.5°C), is a greenish yellow gas that is produced industrially in large quantities for numerous uses, such as the production of organochlorine solvents (see Chapter 11) and water disinfection. Liquified Cl2 is shipped in large quantities in railway tank cars, and human exposure to chlorine from transportation accidents is not uncommon. 

Reliable evidence that nitromethane possesses properties characteristic of an explosive has been provided relatively recently. In particular two disastrous railway accidents which occurred in 1958 in the U.S.A. (one at Niagara Junction said the other at Mount Pulaski, HI.) gave decisive proof that nitromethane should be considered as an explosive and classified as such when subjected to transportation. Both accidents occurred with nitromethane in tank cars. Since then nitromethane has been the only nitroparaffin which is not allowed to be shipped in tank cars but only in smaller containers, such as drums. 

An examination of the causes of the Bhopal disaster clearly indicates that the accident would not have occurred if all necessary precautions had been taken in the maintenance and operation of the Union Carbide Pesticide Plant. This required continued and apt maintenance, regular inspection by independent authorities, sufficiently well-trained staff, and location of the plant far away from residential areas and not just within 1 km of the railway station and within 3 km of two major hospitals, as was the case in Bhopal. 

Institution of Chemical Engineers, UK (IChemE) 165-171 Railway Terrace Rugby, Warks CV 21 3HQ, UK (0788) 78124. Loss Prevention Bulletin (Case Histories) Conference on Major Accidents Prevention... 

Transport incidents the figures given for uncontained spills include seven transport incidents involving sub-contractors. A transportation service agreement (that includes H SE targets) is in place with the Finnish State railways, and Neste only owns ships with double hulls or bottoms. Specific mention is made of training for road tanker accidents. 

The Pesticide Manual describes 5 pyridine carboxylic acid derivatives, 3 benzoic acids, and 10 aryloxyalkanoic acids in current use as herbicides. 2,4,5-T seems to be banned worldwide and is not included in the current issue (Tomlin, 2000) but is described in earlier issues (e.g., Worthing, 1979). It was first registered in 1948 by Amchem Products, Inc., Pennsylvania, and the Dow Chemical Company, and was mainly used to control shrubs and trees, for example, in forests and along railways. Although the content of dioxin was eventually controlled, with a limit of <0.05 mg/kg in the preparation, it was banned soon after the termination of its use in Vietnam. Other products with 2,4,5-trichlorophenol were also banned or restricted after the Seveso accident (see Hay, 1978a, 1978b). 2,4-D is also produced from a chlo-rophenol and may contain dioxins, but of the much less toxic congeners. It... 

AB, a 5. -year-old man. was trapped for 7 hours in a railway accident. He sustained severe multiple injuries including crush injuries to both thighs, fractures of the pelvis and scalp lacerations. On arrival at Accident Emergency he was still conscious and breathing spontaneously. His pulse was 130/min and his BP was 60/40 iiimHg. A set of U Es showed the following ... 

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