Conjunctival abrasions

Superficial ocular infections Ophthalmic fb-inch ribbon in conjunctival sac q3-4h. Skin abrasions, superficial skin infections Topical Apply to affected area 1-5 times a... 

An ophthalmic preparation seems to be efficacious for conjunctival inflammation and to reduce pain after traumatic corneal abrasion. Gingival inflammation is reduced after administration of indomethacin oral rinse. Epidural injections produce a degree of pain relief similar to that achieved with methylprednisolone in postlaminectomy syndrome. 

Indomethacin enjoys the usual indications for use in rheumatic conditions and is particularly popular for gout and ankylosing spondylitis. In addition, it has been used to treat patent ductus arteriosus. Indomethacin has been tried in numerous small or uncontrolled trials for many conditions, including Sweet s syndrome, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, pleurisy, nephrotic syndrome, diabetes insipidus, urticarial vasculitis, postepisiotomy pain, and prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification in arthroplasty, and many others. An ophthalmic preparation seems to be efficacious for conjunctival inflammation (alone and in combination with gentamicin) to reduce pain after traumatic corneal abrasion. Gingival inflammation is reduced after administration of indomethacin oral rinse. Epidural injections produce a degree of pain relief similar to that achieved with methylprednisolone in postlaminectomy syndrome. 

Capsaicin causes conjunctivitis, periorbital edema/ erythema, ophthalmodynia, blepharospasm, blepharitis, corneal abrasions, and lacrimation. In a retrospective study of 81 patients who presented to the emergency department following aerosol exposure from law enforcement use of OC, 56% of individuals developed ophthalmodynia, 44% conjunctivitis, 40% conjunctival erythema, 13% lacrimation, and 9% comeal abrasions (Watson et al, 1996). Another study involved exposure of 47 human volunteers to OC for evaluating effects on the cornea and conjunctivae (Zolhnan et al, 2000). All subjects reported significant eye pain, blurred vision, and lacrimation 10 min after exposure to OC pepper spray, but symptoms improved by 1 h later. Comeal abrasions were not apparent, but 21% of subjects showed evidence of punctate epithelial erosions and reduced comeal sensitivity. Comeal abnormalities were absent 1 week after exposure. Another human study identified 23% of subjects (7 of 30) with comeal abrasions following aerosol exposure to OC spray (Watson et al, 1996). In mice, a single subcutaneous injection of 12.5, 25,... 

Instillation of the dye in the cul-de-sac allows detection of corneal and conjunctival lesions, such as abrasions, ulcers, and edema, and aids in the detection of foreign bodies. When the cobalt blue filter of the slit lamp is used to excite the dye, the epithelial defect usually appears outlined in vivid green fluorescence.The dye turns green in the tear film, in spite of being introduced as a yellow-orange liquid, due to dilution with tear fluid. 

As with the evaluation of corneal abrasions, the application of one or two drops of 0.5% proparacaine is often necessary to allow adequate examination of the eye with a corneal or conjunctival foreign body, ft is advisable to obtain informed consent, preferably written, before proceeding with any minor surgical procedure. 

Direct trauma is the most frequent cause of conjunctival abrasions, contusions, or lacerations. The nature of the contact usually determines what type of woimd the patient suffers. For example, a thrown object may cause only a contusion, whereas a sharp pencil point can lacerate the conjunctiva. 

Moderate to severe corneal abrasions usually are accompanied by other ocular signs. Diffnse or focal conjunctival injection is present depending on the size and location of the abrasion. Eyelid edema is common when profuse reflex lacrimation occurs. If the lesion has been present for at least 12 to 24 hours, a secondary traumatic anterior... 

In patients treated with pegaptanib sodium alone, ocular adverse events considered likely to be associated with intravitreal injection of pegaptanib sodium included vitreous floaters or haze, mild transient anterior chamber inflammation, ocular irritation, increased IOP, intraocular air, subconjunctival hemorrhage, eye pain, lid edema/ erythema, dry eye, and conjunctival injection. In patients treated with pegaptanib sodium and PDT, adverse events probably associated included ptosis (due to the contact lens), mild anterior chamber inflammation, corneal abrasion, eye pain, foreign body sensation, chemosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and vitreous prolapse. 

Sensory systems Gentian violet has been used as a comeal stain there were only minor adverse effects in 112 patients and in 40 healthy eyes [3(f]. However, corneal and conjunctival abrasions have been described [31 ], and in one case bilateral keratoconjunctivitis followed instillation of a 1% aqueous solution of gentian violet and was complicated by a secondary uveitis and Gram-negative conjunctivitis [32 ]. 

Pessah A, Ofosu JR, Klein BL. Conjunctival staining and corneal and conjunctival abrasions caused by 2% aqueous gentian violet solution. Pediatr Emerg Care 1998 14(4) 285-6. 

Capsaicin causes conjunctivitis, periorbital edema/ erythema, ophthalmodynia, blepharospasm, blepharitis, comeal abrasions, and lacrimation. In a retrospective study of 81 patients who presented to the emergency department after aerosol exposure from law enforcement use of OC, 56% of individuals developed ophthalmodynia, 44% developed conjimctivitis, 40% developed conjunctival erythema, 13% developed lacrimation, and 9% developed comeal abrasions (Watson et al, 1996). Another study involved exposure of 47 human... 

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