Yarn count

An assembly of textile fibres to form a thread. Yams may be single, ply or cabled, the commonest used in weaving being single yams. Yarn Count... 

Since for the application of fibres in textile products (knitted and woven products, tire yam canvas, reinforcement of plastics) a high specific weight is a disadvantage, it is customary also to express modulus and strength in another way, viz. as specific quantities this is done by division of E and a by the density p.E/p and a/p have the dimension Nm/kg = J/kg. In order to relate these quantities to the yarn count number (expressed in Tex), the specific quantities are also expressed in N/tex. 

Name Cross section Total yarn count Idtaxl Filament number raw ratio m Draw temperature [ Cl... 

Yarn count Number indicating mass per unit length per unit mass of yarn, various systems used which be stated (e.g. cotton, worsted). 

Known Yarn Count Constant into which the known yarn count is divided in order to obtain the equivaient yarn count in the other system ... 

Twist multiplier n. The ratio of turns per inch to the square root of the yarn count. 

Figure 16.9 represents the whole shaping process applied to a woven polyester fabric (warp yarn count 100 dtex/90 fil, weft yarn count 60 dtex/55 fil). A vacuum pump was used to remove the air from the volume defined between the plastic membrane and the device. As can be observed in Fig. 16.10, which represents the fabric after sheathing and the deformation undergone by a network of lines initially drawn on the tubular element. 

Sample Weave construction Yarn count (dtex) Ends (per cm) Picks (per cm) Tightness (Cfabric %) Specific surface area (cm7cm )... 

Fabric Style Yarns/in Yarn Count Yarn Count oz/yd in Ib/in... 

To integrate a vibration motor to textile structures as well as to form an electric circuit in the structure, silver-plated nylon yam with a linear resistance of <50 n/m and with a yarn count of 312/34f x 4 dtex is used. To prevent formation of short circuits in the textile-based electric circuit, conductive yams are again hidden into the stmcture with a double-woven fabric constmction as shown in Fig. 3.2. The fabric stmcture with vibration motor integrated is shown in Fig. 3.5. 

Style Approx. Fiberglass Thickness (In.) Warp Yarn Fill Yarn Count (Ends/In.) Weight (OziYd. )... 

The yarn counts are lower than for polyester because the main applications are as hosiery yarn (for example 20 denier 22 dtex f 1 or 22 dtex f 5) or in ladies underwear (typical yam titers 44 dtex f 10, 78 dtex f 28, or 78 dtex f 60). The processes are, for POY, spinning at >4000 m min followed by a draw-texturing treatment (at approximately 1000 m min ), or SDW at >5000 m min . The elongation of nylon textile yams is 45-50%. 

The nonwoven layers on the top and bottom of the base weave consist of staple fibers vdth different yarn count (3.3 to 100 dtex which means a diameter of 20 to 100 gm). The nonwoven layer on the bottom is in contact with the roll covers and protects the press felt against abrasion. The nonwoven layer on top is in contact with the paper surface and ensures a low and uniform water flow resistance during dewatering of the paper web. A coarser nonwoven layer is used in the first press nips with a higher amount of water removed from the paper web, finer nonwoven layers have use in the further press nips with a lower amount of water extraction. 

Fabric code Fabric sett (threads per inch) Yarn count (tex) Weave structure Thickness (mm) Fabric weight (g/m )... 

Given constant stabiiization, tight resistance is influenced by fiber yarn count, Figure 5.30 ieft. This influence is typicaiiy given consideration during production... 

Left single fiber fineness of gray-pigmented textured polypropylene filaments Right Pigmentation of filament yarn count 75f31 smooth (single yarn count 2.4 dtex)... 

There is no formal classification. However, carbon fiber yarn is sometimes judged by linear density, which is weight per unit length, or rated by number of filaments/ yarn count. Carbon fibers are rated by their measured modufus in GPa. 

Orleck H.G. and Ulku S. (2007), Effects of spandex and yarn counts on the properties of elastic core-spun yarns produced on Murata Vortex spinner, Textile Research Journal, Tl, 432-436. 

Figure 3.26 Comparison of three important spinning methods (different yarn count)...

Figure 4.32 Woven fabric for airbags (yarn count 470 dtex)...

Yarn fineness, also called linear density and yarn count, should be measured in dtex or tex since the introduction of the SI unit system. Alas, the yarn count of many yarns is still given in den, Nm, and other units (see Chapter 3). It is hence recommended to make oneself familiar with the yarn count system of the customer... 

Actual yarn count The actuai yarn count is the measured yarn fineness. It can hence assume odd values, such as 168.3 dtex. 

Nominal yarn count The nominal yarn count is a theoreticai vaiue describing a certain yarn type, for exampie, PET 150 den (167 dtex). Actual and nominal yarn count can vary to a certain degree as it makes no big difference in processing a yarn with 166.2 dtex compared to a yarn with 169.3 dtex. 

When negotiating yarn counts to be deiivered, it is important to define which yarn count is agreed upon. Aiso, the permitted deviation of the yarn count needs to be defined prior to production or deiivery. 

Table 12.2 Yarn Length to Be Tested Depending on Yarn Count... 

Reeling is possible up to a yarn count of 2000 tex. For coarser yarns, special testing conditions need to be defined. The yarn length to be reeled off the bobbin depends on the yarn count. 

In order to determine the degrees of truth for each input value, a set of rules is applied during the inference. These are normally formulated in the form if... then. The rules are then combined and applied to the data. For example, if yarn count if fine then draft is very high. These rules must cover all operational states. The respective degrees of truth are shown in Fig. 14.22 (shaded areas). 

---