Y-amino-n-butyric acid

Figure 9 Three-dimensional cationic CITP of (A) blank (B) lysozyme (LYSO), creatinine (CREAT), conalbumin (CAL), y-amino-n-butyric acid (GABA), and ovalbumin (OVA) (C) OVA spiked with CREAT and GABA. Capillary 90 cm (length to the detector, 70 cm) x 75 p i.d. leader 10 mM potassium acetate and acetic acid with 0.3% HPMC, pH 4.75 terminator 10 mM acetic acid sample 10 to 30 mg/ml proteins dissolved in leader without HPMC voltage 20 kV. (From Gebauer, P. and Thormann, W.,. Chromatogr., 558, 423, 1991. With permission.)...

New analyses of material from the interior of the Orgeuil and Ivona meteorites show the presence of P-alanine, glycine and y-amino-n-butyric acid as the main components (0.6-2.0ppm) traces of other amino acids were also detected. The amino acids were present as racemic mixtures, i.e., d/l = 1, so that an extraterrestrial origin can be assumed (Ehrenfreund et al., 2001). 

Wl. Waksman, A., and Bigwood, E. J., Identification and quantitative chromatographic determination of y-amino-n-butyric acid on ion exchange columns. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fennicae Ser. AII, 60, 49-54 (1955). 

The effects of HA on the dismption of spatial memory induced by the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine and (y-amino-n-butyric acid (GABA)) against muscimol in the passive avoidance task was tested in chicks. The avoidance rate was evaluated as memory retention. Both scopolamine (100 ng) and muscimol (50 ng), injected intracranially 5 minutes before training, resulted in a decreased avoidance rate. HA (25 ng), injected intracranially 15 minutes before training, reversed memory deficits... 

The 2-D TLC was successfully applied to the separation of amino acids as early as the beginning of thin-layer chromatography. Separation efficiency is, by far, best with chloroform-methanol-17% ammonium hydroxide (40 40 20, v/v), n-butanol-glacial acetic acid-water (80 20 20, v/v) in combination with phenol-water (75 25, g/g). A novel 2-D TLC method has been elaborated and found suitable for the chromatographic identification of 52 amino acids. This method is based on three 2-D TLC developments on cellulose (CMN 300 50 p) using the same solvent system 1 for the first dimension and three different systems (11-IV) of suitable properties for the second dimension. System 1 n-butanol-acetone -diethylamine-water (10 10 2 5, v/v) system 11 2-propanol-formic acid-water (40 2 10, v/v) system 111 iec-butanol-methyl ethyl ketone-dicyclohexylamine-water (10 10 2 5, v/v) and system IV phenol-water (75 25, g/g) (h- 7.5 mg Na-cyanide) with 3% ammonia. With this technique, all amino acids can be differentiated and characterized by their fixed positions and also by some color reactions. Moreover, the relative merits of cellulose and silica gel are discussed in relation to separation efficiency, reproducibility, and detection sensitivity. Two-dimensional TLC separation of a performic acid oxidized mixture of 20 protein amino acids plus p-alanine and y-amino-n-butyric acid was performed in the first direction with chloroform-methanol-ammonia (17%) (40 40 20, v/v) and in the second direction with phenol-water (75 25, g/g). Detection was performed via ninhydrin reagent spray. 

CAS 56-12-2 EINECS/ELINCS 200-258-6 Synonyms 4-Aminobutanoic acid y-Aminobutanoic acid 4-Aminobutyric acid 4-Amino-n-butyric acid DL-4-Aminobutyric acid y-Aminobutyric acid y-Amino-n-butyric acid Butanoic acid, 4-amino- Butyric acid, 4-amino- 3-Carboxypropyiamine GABA Giobuiin, immune human serum immugiobin Piperidic acid Piperidinic acid Classification Organic compd. nonprotein amino acid... 

Aminobutyric acid 4-Amino-n-butyric acid DL-4-Aminobutyric acid y-Aminobutyric acid y-Amino-n-butyric acid. See Aminobutyric acid... 

Fig. 206. Two-dimensional chromatographic separation of a mixture of 20 protein amino acids + j -alanine + y-amino-n-butyric acid (y-AnB) after oxidation with performic acid [44] ascending technique.

We do not know the extent to which the Murchison organics reflect what was available on early Earth before life emerged. The rich inventory of amino acids does not appear to be universal in carbonaceous chondrites (although the number that have been examined in detail is very small). For example, only a few amino acids (glycine, alanine, a-aminoisobutyric acid, a-amino-n-butyric acid, y-aminobutyric acid) are found in the meteorite that fell in 2000 on Tagish Lake, Canada (Table 5.3).7 The near absence of complex amino acids is significant, inasmuch as the meteorite was captured in a pristine condition soon after it fell. 

More recently, Henning and Ammon (H19) described 10 aliphatic keto and aldehydic adds in normal urine. In addition to a-ketoglutaric, oxalacetic, pyruvic, glyoxylic, and a-ketoisocaproic acids, they found hydroxypyruvic, a-keto-y-methylthiobutyric, a-keto-fi-hydroxybutyric, a-keto-P-methylvaleric and a-keto-n-butyric acids, that is to say, the keto acids corresponding, respectively, to serine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, and a-amino-n-butyric acid. They conclude that one finds in normal human urine the keto acids corresponding to all the amino adds normally present in urine, with the exception of those correspond-... 

Homoserine. 2 -Amino -4-hydroxybutanoic acid 2-amino-4-hydroxybutyric acid < -amino-y-hydroxy-n-butyric acid. C4H,N03 mol wt 119.12. C 40.33%. H 7.62%, N 11.76%, O 40.29%. Principal free amino acid occurring in pea plants A. 1. Virtanen, Acta Chem. Scored. 7, 1423... 

Aminobutyric acid a-Amino-i-butyric acid a-Amino-n-butyric acid y-Aminobutyric acid jS-Amino-i-butyric acid Serine... 

Moaddel, R., Clorx, J.-F., Ertem, G., Wainer, I. W. Multiple receptor liquid chromatographic stationary phases the co-immobilization of nicotinic receptors, y-amino-butyric acid receptors, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Pharm Res 2002, 19, 104-107. 

For the receptors that have peptides or proteins as ligands, structural portions of the extracellular domain, in addition to areas of the transmembrane domain, are involved in ligand binding. The receptors of subfamily C that contain a large extracellular N-terminal domain bind their ligands (e.g., glutamate, y-amino butyric acid ) in this region. 

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