Written scheme of examination

An inspection plan (or written scheme of examination [WSE]) endorsed by the inspection and corrosion management services team/independent competent person that contains... 

A written scheme of examination is required for internal/out-of-service inspections. EEMUA 159, Appendix B2 provides an example of such a checklist. 

The user is responsible for ensuring the pressure system is operated within specified safe limits and that the design conditions are not exceeded. A written scheme of examinations (reg. 8) must be prepared by a competent person before tiie system is put into operation and should include details of ... 

The written scheme of examination is one of the most important features of the Regulations and is required to be compiled before a pressure system can be operated. All protective devices, as well as those pressure vessels and pipework where a defect could give rise to danger, must be included in ttie written scheme. In addition, it must specify tire nature and frequency of examinations and the measures necessary to prepare tire system for safe examination over and above the precautions that tire user or owner of the system would reasonably be expected to take. 

All boilers should have a safety valve so adjusted as to prevent the boiler being worked at a pressure greater than the safe operating limit, a suitable stop valve, steam pressure gauge, at least one water level gauge, means for attaching a test pressure gauge and be provided with a low water alarm device. The nature and frequency of examination of boilers will be specified in the written scheme of examination. 

The safe operating limit is a legal term which applies to pressure vessels. In the case of a new vessel, it means the pressure specified by the manufacturer, and in the case of a vessel that has been examined in accordance with the written scheme of examination, that specified by the competent person. 

Under these Regulations owners and users of pressure systems must have a written scheme of examination drawn up by a competent person for the examination of the system at specified intervals to confirm that the system... 

Have a suitable written scheme drawn up or certified by a competent person for the examination at appropriate intervals of most pressure vessels and all safety devices, and any pipework which is potentially dangerous. Advice may be sought from any competent person when deciding what vessels and parts of the pipework need to be included. 

Check that there is a suitable written scheme for initial examination and testing, periodic examination and testing of the carrying tank. 

Now let us examine, in turn, each of the local space matrices arising from the rhs of Eq. (23). The first is [U K,j U]L with K,j = K,j — K,. This matrix can be evaluated by exactly the same methods that were discussed earlier in connection with the HF/LSA method. In fact, using Eqs. (19) for the (non-orthogonal) local space LMOs one is led to exactly the same integral transformation that was discussed in Sect. 2. If this is done by the conventional method, then the entire set (all i > j) of [UK U]L matrices may be determined prior to the self-consistent iterations. Alternatively, the numerical scheme of Sect. 2 can be employed. Then [U K,7 U] ab can be written as a sum of terms each having the form ... 

From 1 July 1990, the Regulations place obligations on anyone who manufactures or constructs a new pressure system, and anyone who repairs or modifies a new or existing pressure system or part of it, to ensure that no danger will arise when it is operated within the safe operating limits specified for that plant. The Regulations require that after July 1994 no pressure system is put into operation until a written scheme for its periodic examination has been prepared by a competent person. This scheme should specify the nature and frequency of examination and any measures necessary to ensure that the examination can be carried out safely. 

Under the Pressure Systems Safety Regulations, a wide range of pressure vessels and systems require thorough examination by a competent person to an agreed, specifically written, scheme. In construction work the most common piece of equipment is the mobile air receiver for concrete breaking and the like. 

A thorough examination is a detailed examination, which may involve a visual check, a disassembly and testing of components and/or an equipment test under operating conditions. Such an examination must normally be carried out by a competent person who is independent of the employer. The examination is usually carried out according to a written scheme and a written report is submitted to the employer. 

Specific statutory (or thorough) examinations of, for example, lifting equipment or pressure vessels, have to be carried out at intervals laid down in written schemes by competent persons - usually specially trained and experienced inspection/insurance company personnel. 

Provisions should be made for the recording and storing the results of these examinations (reg. 14). If operating conditions change or the system is modified, tiie written scheme should be reviewed and adjusted accordingly. Examinations are to be carried out in accordance with the written scheme (reg. 9). A written copy of the report of the examination has to be sent to tire user within 28 days or if the user carries out the examination, the report must be completed within 28 days. The report should ... 

These Regulations are supported by an Approved Code of Practiced The Approved Code of Practice outlines, in relative terms, the qualifications to be held by a competent person to enable them to compile a written scheme for a major, intermediate or minor system. Guidance on the frequency of examination of pressure plant can be found in these ACOPs. 

The frequency of examination of this equipment will be specified in the written scheme. If a vessel is so constructed that the internal surface cannot be thoroughly examined, then either non-destructive testing or a hydraulic test may be carried out. 

Before we examine the hydrogenation of each type of unsaturation, let us first take a look at the basic mechanism assumed to be operating on metal catalytic surfaces. This mechanism is variously referred to as the classic mechanism, the Horiuti-Polanyi mechanism, or the half-hydrogenated state mechanism. It certainly fits the classic definition, since it was first proposed by Horiuti and Polanyi in 193412 and is still used today. Its important surface species is a half-hydrogenated state. This mechanism was shown in Chapter 1 (Scheme 1.2) as an example of how surface reactions are sometimes written. It is shown in slightly different form in Fig. 2.1. Basically, an unsaturated molecule is pictured as adsorbing with its Tt-bond parallel to the plane of the surface atoms of the catalyst. In the original Horiuti-Polanyi formulation, the 7t-bond ruptures... 

With these issues in mind, let s examine the Discussion sections of our three hypothetical posters. Each section is divided into two parts Discussion and Conclusions. Excerpt 91 uses a bulleted list to present the discussion points excerpts 9H and 9J use a paragraph format. Both styles are common and illustrate that there is no one right way to present information. Excerpt 9J also includes a scheme, which is common in posters that present a synthesis. In all three excerpts, the Conclusions sections comprise one or two sentences and are written without bullets. 

One of the oldest and most familiar such approaches is the Extended Hueckel Approximation (Hoffman, 1963.) Let us take a moment to examine this approach, though later we shall choose an alternative scheme. Detailed rationalizations of the approach are given in Blyholder and Coulson (1968), and in Gilbert (1970, p. 244) a crude intuitive derivation will suffice for our purposes, as follows. We seek matrix elements of the Hamiltonian between atomic orbitals on adjacent atoms, (j3 H a). If a) were an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian, we could replace H a) by fia a), where is the eigenvalue. Then if the overlap (j3 a) is written... 

It appears that the NO+ group can be transferred directly only to those species which can behave as reasonably powerful nucleophiles in moderately acid solution. This is undoubtedly the reason why species such as azide ion and amines do not appear to act in this way since they are very extensively protonated in these solutions. Azide ion catalysis has been reported in one case, however (Meyer and Williams, to be published) the denitrosation of N-acetyl-N-nitrosotryptophan, which reacts very rapidly, has been examined at pH 6 where a substantial quantity of free azide ion exists. Presumably the same would be true for some amines at these very low acidities. However, there is experimental evidence from two independent groups which shows that a direct (sometimes called trans-) nitrosation by nitrosamines can occur with aromatic amines. The reactions of N-nitrosodiphenylamine in aqueous acid solution were studied in this context (Challis and Osborne, 1973). The reaction was acid-catalysed for all the substrates studied and was believed to involve the protonated form of the nitrosamine (here written as PhjNNO, H" ). Two separate pathways were detected (a) a direct reaction with N-methylaniline (without the formation of free nitrous acid or a derivative of nitrous acid) as outlined in Scheme 20 and b) an indirect reaction with... 

In low resolution finding unique masses for each fragment Is considerably more difficult if not impossible. However, there Is another approach which may be taken. If one examines the reaction scheme, a prediction of which molecules will be generated can be made. Then utilizing a library of mass spectral data a series cf simultaneous equations In contribution to Intensity of given mass spectral peaks can be written (12). The only assumption necessary for this Is we know all the molecules contributing tc each peak of Interest. 

A number of different plans and schedules often need to be reviewed for a single highway scheme. It is imperative that all plans and other information (e.g. traffic flows, accident details, scheme brief, departures from Standard) are thoroughly examined to check for possible safety problems. Items on different plans must be checked for consistency. At later stages during the Road Safety Audit process, the Road Safety Auditor should consult reports written at previous stages of the Road Safety Audit process. These may not have been written by the same Road Safety Audit Team. 

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