Wounds management

Chung, L.Y., Schmidt, R.J., Andrews, A.M. and Turner, T.D. (1993). A study of hydrogen peroxide generation by, and antioxidant activity of, Granuflex (Duo Derm) hydrocolloid granules and some other hydrogel/hydrocolloid wound management materials. Br. J. Dermatol. 129, 145-153. 

Tetanus prophylaxis in wound management Adolescents and adults 11 to 64 years of age, who have completed a primary series and require a tetanus-containing product should receive Tdap instead of Td if they have not already received Tdap. 

Overall, therefore, a range of growth factors may demonstrate potential in wound manage-ment/healing, or for other therapeutic indications. A summary of these factors and their biological activities/potential, therefore, constitutes the remainder of this chapter. 

Consult the ACIP statement for recommendations for administering Td as prophylaxis in wound management. 

Additional doses of tetanus toxoid are recommended as part of traumatic wound management if a patient has not received a dose of tetanus toxoid within the preceding 5 years (Table 51-3). 

A new technology, natural bioactive dressing used as skin substitute has proved useful in wound management. This substitute is about one of the few that can produce fully functional skin. For boils and most skin infections, the most effective treatment appears to be direct... 

CN159 Sachs, M., ]. von Eichel, and F. Asskali. Wound management with coconut oil in Indonesian folk medicine. Chirurg 2002 73(4) 387-392. 

Booster dose In previously immunized persons, a booster dose of 0.5 ml IM should be given every five years to maintain adequate level of immunity. The need for tetanus vaccine in wound management depends both on the condition of the wound and immunisation history of the patient. For tetanus prone wound, tetanus immunoglobulin may also be required. 

Lewis-Byers, K. and Thayer, D. An evaluation of two incontinence skin care protocols in a long-term care setting. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2002 48 44—51. 

Pham, H.T., Exelbert, L., Segal-Owens, A.C., and Veves, A., A prospective, randomized, controlled double-blind study of a moisturizer for xerosis of the feet in patients with diabetes, Ostomy Wound Manage, 48, 30, 2002. 

M. Chvapil, New developments in wound management. Plastic Surg. Nurs. Spring 29 (1984). 

The first authoritative monographs related to wound dressing materials appeared in early London and Edinburgh hospital dispensatories and later in the British Pharmaceutical Codices. The development of wound management products can be traced by examining these Codices together with the British Pharmacopoeia. The information is reflected in similar publications in the United States Pharmacopoeia and other national standards. 

Advances in the design and efficacy of wound management products was spasmodic and limited to the adaptation of available materials until 1960. Up to that date, the products were primarily of the plug and conceal variety exemplified by lint, gauze, cotton wool. 

Absorbent lint is a close weave cotton cloth with a raised nap on one side that offers a large surface area for evaporation when placed with the nap upwards on an exuding wound. Its use generally unacceptable in modern wound management. 

Free silver ions are the active components of antimicrobial silvers, and it has been shown that as little as one part per million of elemental silver in solution is an effective antimicrobial. Materials such as polymers, charcoal, and hydrocolloids when formulated with silver not only aid wound management and healing but also regulate its release into the wound environment and surrounding tissues. Silver ions kill micro-organisms by inhibiting cellular respiration and cellular function. " It is known that their mode of action is exerted by binding cysteine residues on the cell walls of yeasts such as C. albicans thereby... 

Advanced wound management products containing silver have been developed to treat difficult-to-heal wounds, chronic ulcers, and extensive burns. Odor absorbing dressings adsorb polarized bacteria onto the surface of the charcoal cloth used in the formulation. The silver present in the dressing exerts a bactericidal effect that gradually diminishes as wound exudate saturates the material. 

Vapor permeable adhesive films derived from materials found in some tissues are being used more commonly in wound management. Most of the available films are composed of industrially manufactured and purified benzyl ester derivatives of hyaluronic acid and may be used for direct application to wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers or venous leg ulcers or as scaffolds for the cultivation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes for further transplantation. 

Thomas, S. The role of foam dressings in wound management. In Advances in Wound Management Turner, T.D., Schmidt, R.J., Harding, K.G., Eds. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 1986 23-29. 

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