Woods 7 Formulating Pesticides

Sulfur chloride is a solvent for sulfur and a chlorinating agent. Other applications are vulcanizing rubber an intermediate in making sulfur dyes, synthetic rubber, thionyl chloride, and several other compounds pesticide formulations hardening soft woods and extracting gold. 

Endosulfan is used as an insecticide and as a contact poison. It is used primarily on food crops, cereals, tea, coffee, fruits, and vegetables. It is also used as a wood preservative. It is compatible with many other pesticides and may be found in formulations with dimethoate, malathion, methomyl, monocrotofos, pirimicarb, triazophos, fenoprop, parathion, petroleum oils, and oxine copper. It is not compatible with alkaline materials.14... 

Substances often called dioxins have been present as contaminants in many pesticide formulations and in some bactericidal products. Dioxins are found in smoke from refuse incinerators and in effluents from the wood pulp industry, which uses chlorine as a bleaching agent. The magnesium industry used a production method that caused the formation of many "dioxins" (strictly speaking, dibenzofurans). Car exhaust fumes and cigarette smoke also have a low concentration. But dioxins may also be formed from more natural processes such as forest fires and cremations. Forest fires are suspected of producing 59 kg of dioxin per year in Canada alone. Humans have thus been exposed to dioxins long before the modern age. 

Other miscellaneous uses for the isoparaffin solvents, dearomatized paraffinic solvents, normal paraffinic fluids, and aromatic blends include pesticide formulation applications, wood preservatives, fat and oil extractions, cosmetic and notion formulations, paper coatings, and textile coatings and printing. Inks, paints varnishes, and lacquers are among the largest uses of the hydrocarbon solvents. 

Methylene chloride, also known as dichloromethane, evaporates easily, but does not burn easily. It does not appear to occur naturally in the environment. It is made from methane gas or wood alcohol. As noted it is widely used as an industrial solvent and as a paint stripper as well as in the manufacture of photographic film. The chemical may be found in a variety of household products including spray paints, automotive cleaners and some pesticide formulations. 

The sex attractant of several tick species have been identified, but only three examples of attempts to apply the attractant have come to our attention. Sonenshine has demonstrated (620) mating disruption by dusting a tick-infested dog with a microencapsulated formulation of the pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol the ticks used were the dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, and the Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni. Gladney (621) applied a mixture of pesticide and male extract to a shaved area on the shoulders of cattle and found that the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyoma maculatwn) could be attracted to the spots and killed... 

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