Willson studies

Jandyala D, M Berman, PD Myers, BT Sewell, RC Willson, MJ Benedik (2003) CynD, the cyanide dihydratase from Bacillus pumilus gene cloning and structural studies. Appl Environ Microbiol 69 4794-4805. 

Forni, L.G., Packer, J.E., Slater, T.F. and Willson, KL. (1983). Reactions of the trichloromethyl and halothane derived peroxyl radicals with unsaturated fatty acids a pulse radiolysis study. Chem. Biol. Interact. 45, 171-177. 

Willson, R. L. Free radicals and tissue damage Mechanistic evidence from radiation studies. In Biochemical Mechanisms of Liver Injury (Slater, T. F., ed.), London-New York-San Francisco, Academic Press, 1978, pp. 123-224... 

Abdoul-Carine H, Gohlke S, Fischbach E, Scheike J, lllenberger E (2004) Thymine excision from DNA by subexcitation electrons. Chem Phys Lett 387 267-270 Adams GE, Willson RL (1972) On the mechanism of BUdR sensitization a pulse radiolysis study of one electron transfer in nucleic-acid derivatives. Int J Radiat Biol 22 589-597 Adams GE, Willson RL (1973) Ketyl radicals in aqueous solution. Pulse radiolysis study. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1 69 719-729... 

Prutz WA, Butler J, Land EJ (1985a) Methionyl —> tyrosyl radical transitions initiated by Br2 in peptide model systems and ribonuclease A. Int J Radiat Biol 47 149-156 Prutz WA, Monig H, Butler J, Land E (1985b) Reactions of nitrogen dioxide in aqueous model systems oxidation of tyrosine units in peptides and proteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 243 125-134 Redpath JL, Willson RL (1975) Chain reactions and radiosensitization model enzyme studies. Int J Radiat Biol 27 389-398... 

Adams GE, Willson RL (1969) Pulse radiolysis studies on the oxidation of organic radicals in aqueous solution. Trans Faraday Soc 65 2981-2987... 

Wolfenden BS, Willson RL (1982) Radical-cations as reference chromogens in kinetic studies of one-electron transfer reactions Pulse radiolysis studies of 2,2 - azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate). J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 805-812... 

Willson RL (1970) Pulse radiolysis study of electron transfer in aqueous disulphides solutions. Chem Commun 1425-1426... 

ScholesG, Willson RL, Ebert M (1969) Pulse radiolysis of agueous solutions of deoxyribonudeotides and of DNA reaction with hydroxy-radicals. Chem Commun 17-18 Schuchmann MN, von Sonntag C (1982) Flydroxyl radical induced oxidation of diethyl ether in oxygenated aqueous solution. A product and pulse radiolysis study. J PhysChem 86 1995-2000 Shragge PC, Michaels FIB, Flunt JW (1971) Factors affecting the rate of hydrated electron attack on polynucleotides. Radiat Res 47 598-611... 

The second approach to fitting microcalorimetric data is to base the fitting equations on kinetic models that describe the reaction(s) under study. This approach was first developed by Bakri et al. (6) and subsequently extended and developed by Willson et al. (7,8). The first stage in this case is to select a suitable kinetic model from those in the literature. The model is then converted to a calorimetric form by recognition of the fact that the... 

Willson (8) also studied the degradation of di-benzoyl peroxide using isothermal microcalorimetry. Literature values for the degradation of di-benzoyl peroxide at 100°C are 3.8 x 10 4 s 1 with an activation energy of... 

The interconversion of nitritopentamminecobalt (III) chloride to nitropentamminecobalt (III) chloride was also studied by Willson (8). Using isothermal microcalorimetry, estimates for the rate constant of interconversion and the thermodynamic reaction parameters were obtained directly, at 25°C, by fitting the data to the transformed Ng equation. The published... 

Beezer AE, Gaisford S, Hills AK, Willson RJ, Mitchell JC. Pharmaceutical microcalorimetry applications to long term stability studies. Int J Pharm 1999 179(2) 39-45. 

Willson RJ, Beezer AE, Mitchell JC. A kinetic study of the oxidation of L-ascor-bic acid (vitamin C) in solution using an isothermal microcalorimeter. Thermochimica Acta 1995 264 27-40. 

Cameron, J.F., Willson, C.G. and Frechet, J.M.J. (1996) Photogeneration of amines from a-keto carbamates photochemical studies. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 118, 12925-12937. 

Willson MC, Wilman AH, Bell EC, Asghar SJ, Silverstone PH. Dextroamphetamine causes a change in regional brain activity in vivo during cognitive tasks an fMRI study utilizing BOLD. Biol Psychiatry 2004 56 284-91. 

Two simple a, P-unsaturated acylsilanes, l-trimethylsilyl-2-propen-l-one (III) and l-trimethylsilyl-2-methyl-2-propen-l-one (IV) were chosen for polymerization studies. The polymerization of the carbon analogues of these a,p-unsaturated acylsilanes, that is, 4,4-dimethyl-2-propen-3-one (vinyl tert-butyl ketone, V) and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-propen-3-one (isopropenyl tert-hutyl ketone, VI) has been studied by Willson et al. 16, IT), These authors reported that whereas V readily polymerizes under free-radical-polymerization conditions, VI undergoes polymerization only under anionic-initiation conditions in the presence of a crown ether as a complexing reagent. On the basis of UV and NMR spectroscopic data, Willson et al. (i6, 17) ascribed the difference in polymerization behavior to the nonplanar, unconjugated structure of ketone VI brought about by steric hindrance caused by the methyl group at C-2. 

Willson et al. (30) and Miller et al. (31) described a new mid-UV resist based on diazonaphthoquinone and a novolac resin speciScally designed for use in the mid-UV region. The novolac resin was chosen to be transparent above 300 nm. The structure of the naphthoquinone was designed with the aid of semiempirical molecular orbital calculations to provide increased optical absorbance at the 313-nm emission line. They found that 5-alkylsulfo-nates of diazonaphthoquinone exhibit a greatly improved extinction at both 313 and 334 nm over their aryl counterparts. Furthermore, these compounds photolyze to give substituted indenecarboxylic acids that are transparent above 300 nm, whereas the photoproducts of all of the corresponding aryl derivatives studied retain residual absorbance at 313 nm. They chose a mixed 4,5-disulfonate of an aliphatic diol (structure 3.4) as a spectrally matched sensitizer for the mid-UV resist. 

Until around 1995, it was unusual to find kinetic data determined from isothermal microcalorimetric studies - and this was especially true for long, slow reaction systems. However, the modem microcalorimeter has excellent long-term stability (1 /xW or better over 24 h) and hence slow reactions can readily be investigated even those for which a complete reaction is not observed. Willson et al. showed that quantitative kinetic and thermodynamic data could be determined for reactions that had half lives of up to 2500 years. Commencing with a conventional (here simple for clarity) rate expression such as... 

Lauth de Viguerie, N.. Willson. M.. and Perie, J., Synthesis and inhibition studies on glycolytic enzymes of phosphorylated epoxides and a-enones. New J. Chem., 18, 1183, 1994. 

K.B. Patel, R.L. Willson (1973). Semiquinone free radicals and oxygen. Pulse radiolysis study of one electron transfer equilibria. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 69, 814-825. 

Willson, R. J., A. E. Beezer, and J. C. Mitchell. 1996. Determination of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters from isothermal heat conduction microcalorimetry Applications to long term reaction studies./. Phys. Chem. 99 7108-7113. 

An investigation of aerated solutions of DNA and nucleic acids constituents by pulse radiolysis has been published by Scholes, Shaw, and Willson (12), and a more extensive study has been reported by Willson in his Ph.D. thesis (18). Recent reviews of related stationary state studies have been published by Weiss (17) and by Scholes (11). 

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