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Waxes and Processing Aids

As discussed in Chapter 10, a wide variety of additives is used in the polymer industry. Stabilizers, waxes, and processing aids reduce degradation of the polymer during processing and use. Dyes and pigments provide the many hues that we observe in synthetic fabrics and molded articles, such as household containers and toys. Functional additives, such as glass fibers, carbon black, and metakaolins can improve dimensional stability, modulus, conductivity, or electrical resistivity of the polymer. Fillers can reduce the cost of the final part by replacing expensive resins with inexpensive materials such as wood flour and calcium carbonate. The additives chosen will depend on the properties desired. [Pg.231]

How do waxes and processing aids work to improve the processability of polyvinyl chloride What issues can arise if they are used in excess ... [Pg.356]

Plasticizers and Processing Aids. Petroleum-based oils are commonly used as plasticizers. Compound viscosity is reduced, and mixing, processing, and low temperature properties are improved. Air permeabihty is increased by adding extender oils. Plasticizers are selected for their compatibihty and low temperature properties. Butyl mbber has a solubihty parameter of ca 15.3 (f /cm ) [7.5 (cal/cm ) ], similar to paraffinic and naphthenic oils. Polybutenes, paraffin waxes, and low mol wt polyethylene can also be used as plasticizers (qv). Alkyl adipates and sebacates reduce the glass-transition temperature and improve low temperature properties. Process aids, eg, mineral mbber and Stmktol 40 ms, improve filler dispersion and cured adhesion to high unsaturated mbber substrates. [Pg.485]

Starwax . [Petrolite/Polymers] Hard microcrystalline wax for coatings, adhesives, paper, printing inks, plastic modification (as lubricant and processing aid), lacquers, paints, varnishes, as binder in ceramics, for potting/impreg-nant in elecyelectronic components, rubber, cosmetics. [Pg.351]

Uses Plastics lubricant and processing aid pigment dispersant internal lubricant for PVC, nylon 6, nylon color cones. for adhesives, floor finishes, personal care, plastics, wax blends gellant for oils in personal care prods., pharmaceuticals film-former oil or fragrance encapsulator nonirritating abrasive emollient heat stabilizer food pkg. adhesives, coatings, paper/paperboard, cellophane, rubber articles, lubricants, textiles food-contact defoamer... [Pg.9]

Chem. Descrip. Blend of microcrystalline wax and paraffin wax Uses Processing aid in latex foams antiozonant in latex rubber for use in paper and wood coatings, sizing, textile lubrication Properties Wh. emulsion m.p. 150 F pH 8.5-9.5 52-54% solids Octowax695 [Tiarco]... [Pg.592]

Petroleum wax is reacted with chlorine to form chlorinated paraffin (a flame retardant and processing aid for rubber). [Pg.530]

Uses Wetting agent, dye solvent, wax plasticizer, stabilizerfor textile, household, and cosmetic appiics., iipsticK rewetting dried skins secondary plasticizer, lubricant, and processing aid for vinyl resins grinding medium for pigment dispersions Features Recommended for low viscosity and non-exudation in PVC plastisols ... [Pg.464]

Substituted Amide Waxes. The product of fatty acid amidation has unique waxlike properties (13). Probably the most widely produced material is N,1S7-distearylethylenediarnine [110-30-5] which has a melting point of ca 140°C, an acid number of ca 7, and a low melt viscosity. Because of its unusuaHy high melting point and unique functionaHty, it is used in additive quantities to raise the apparent melting point of themoplastic resins and asphalts, as an internal—external lubricant in the compounding of a variety of thermoplastic resins, and as a processing aid for elastomers. [Pg.317]

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