Waste thermoplastic composites

Results from a pilot plant run by Toshiba, which recycles waste thermoplastics into fuel oil, have been sufficiently successful for the company to plan to launch commercial operations in the second half of the fiscal year, commencing in April, it is reported. Different pressures and temperatures during processing release oils with different compositions, and include heavy oil, kerosene and gasoline. Mixed waste can be processed without generating harmful gases, it is claimed. 

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 7, No.l, Jan.l994,p.64-74 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CHEMICAL RECYCLING AS A SINK FOR PROBLEMATIC WASTE FROM FIBRE-REINFORCED PLASTICS Menges G... 

It should be noted that although the developments include various thermoplastic composites based on waste materials, few of these materials are readily available on a widespread and cost-effective basis. Moreover, their proportion in the overall composite mixture tends to be somewhat low, because high proportions of nonplastic components can compromise mechanical properties. As a result, the environmental benefits offered by these compositions are limited. 

Keywords Foul condensate Waste-activated sludge Polyhydroxyalkanoates Pulp mill Natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite... 

Heijenrath R, Peijs T (1996) Natural-flber-mat reinforced thermoplastic composites based on flax flbers and polypropylene. Adv Compos Lett 5(3) 81-85 Himmelsbach D, Holser R (2008) Flax processing use of waste streams for profit. In 2008 International conference on flax and other bast plants. Saskatoon, Canada, pp 97-103 Hocking P, Randall P, Pinkerton A (1987) Mineral nutrition of linseed and fiber flax. Adv Agron 41 221-296... 

A number of reviews have been studied on the potential of natural fibers such as sisal, kenaf, hemp, flax, bamboo, and jute for the preparation of thermoplastic composites. In this work, however sisal fiber (SF) has been used as reinforcement due to easily availability and comparatively low cost. The xmtreated and treated SF-reinforced RPP composites have been prepared and investigated their thermal, mechanical, morphological, weathering and impact properties. An improved mechanical, thermal, and morphological property has been observed for chemical treated SF as well as clay loaded RPP. The analysis revealed that SF-reinforced RPP composites with enhanced properties can be successfully achieved which warrants to replace the synthetic fillers-based conventional thermoplastic composites. These SF-based RPP composites can be the material of choice in the field of aeronautic, automobiles, civil engineering, etc., due to its low cost, low density, non-toxicity, recyclability, acceptable strength, high specific properties, and minimum waste disposal problems. 

The use of waste wood and post-consumer thermoplastics will help to solve the severe environmental and recycling problems. The increasing concern about our environment promotes recycling of thermoplastics for lignocellulosic-thermoplastic composites... 

The reinforcing fibers in composites offer unique properties but create complications in recycling. Thermoplastic composites have the potential of primary and secondary recycling since the reprocessing of waste can result in a prodnct with the same or comparable properties, whereas thermoset... 

As such wood flour, used as a filler in thermoplastic composites, offers only modest, if any, reinforcement, but wood fibers can lead to superior composite properties and act more as reinforcing filler. Commercial wood flour is a by-product of the wood industry, often mechanically processed from waste materials such as planer shavings, chips, and sawdust, which are reduced to fine powders, with various grades available depending upon the particle size and the wood species. Wood (cellulose) fibers are produced through more or less complex defibrillation techniques, using raw materials from both virgin and recycled resources, and are different from natural fibers, such as jute, hemp, or sisal. 

Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer Composition with Varying Waste-Rubber Loading at Constant Rubber/Plastic Ratio of 70 30 (w/w)... 

Jacob C, De P.P., Bhowmick A.K., and De S.K. Recycling of EPDM waste. II. Replacement of virgin rubber by ground EPDM vulcanizates in EPDM/PP thermoplastic elastomeric composition, J. Appl. 

FIGURE 38.11 Log of complex viscosity (17 ) of the acrylonitrile butadiene mbber/waste NBR/styrene-co-acrylonitrile (NBR/w-NBR/SAN)-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) compositions as a function of w-NBR content at 100 rad/s. (Reprinted from Anandhan, S., De, P.P., De, S.K., Swayajith, S., and Bhowmick, A.K., Kautsch. Gummi Kunst., 11, 1, 2004. With permission.)... 

U.S. Pat. No. 7,022,751 [111] describes a fiber-reinforced composite plastic material comprising thermoplastic polymers such as HDPE, LDPE, polypropylene, PVC, and polystyrene a high melting point waste polymer fiber material such as polyethylene terephthalate and nylon, an inorganic filler, such as glass and other material, and an organic filler such as wood or particles of a thermoset plastic, such as rubber and polyurethane foam. 

U.S. Pat. No. 5,981,631 (November 9, 1999). C.P. Ronden and J.C. Morin. Process for the production of composites of co-mingled thermoset resin bonded wood waste blended with thermoplastic polymers. 

Table 16.1. Composition of post-consumer thermoplastics waste in different regions or countries (in wt%)...

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