Volatile organic carbon emissions

Extends the scope of Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 to include environmentally-hazardous substances including transportation of such dangerous goods and the control of volatile organic carbon emissions from storage and distribution of petrol. 

Finally, open ponds used to cool, settle out solids, and store process water can be a significant source of volatile organic carbon emissions. Wastewater from coke cooling and coke volatile organic carbon removal is occasionally cooled in open ponds where volatile organic carbon easily escapes to the atmosphere. In many cases, open ponds can be replaced by closed storage tanks. 

Carbon dioxide net emission to atmosphere Volatile organic carbon emission to atmosphere 46/ton (34) 8000/ton (34)... 

Less than 50 years ago, virtually all paint and other surface coating formulations were based on hydrocarbon solvents as the liquid phase. Following advances made in emulsion or latex polymer chemistry, resin systems became available which had the necessary properties of mechanical strength, durability and cost effectiveness such that today, emulsion paint dominates the decorative coatings area. This trend was assisted by the introduction of legislation which discouraged and, in some cases, prohibited the use of formulations which resulted in VOC (volatile organic carbon) emission to atmosphere. 

Recent air pollution regulations limit the amount of volatile organic carbon (VOC) that can be discharged from wastewater treatment plants. Benzene is a particular case in which air emission controls are required if the concentration of benzene in the influent wastewater exceeds 10 mg/L. 

Autocatalysts, based on monoliths, are probably the most extensively used catalytic reactors around a hundred million have been installed and are performing well in car exhaust systems [10-12]. Reduction of volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions [13] and removal of NOj, from stationary sources [14, 15] are also... 

EPA. 1990f. Unvented kerosene heater emissions from mobile homes Studies on indoor air particles, semi-volatile organics, carbon monoxide, and mutagenicity. Research Triangle Park, NC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory. Report no. EPA/600/D-90/122. 

The CAV-OX technology offers the following advantages when compared with other technologies that treat volatile organic carbons (VOCs) in water effective at low concentrations, no air emissions, no secondary waste, and VOCs are destroyed. 

Transportation fuels account for a significant portion of crude oil consumed in the United States. Hence, the importance of clean transportation fuels in the nation s economic development, environmental and public health improvement cannot be overly emphasized. Of the total manmade air emissions in the United States, highway transportation is responsible for 57% of the carbon monoxide, 30% of the nitrogen oxides, and 27% of the volatile organic compounds emissions. Driven by the continuing desire of the public for personal mobility, dramatic increases in vehicle numbers and miles have been forecasted. This growth will lead to poorer air quality unless ultraclean transportation fuels are developed and deployed. 

Stoddard solvent may be released to the atmosphere in the exhaust emissions of dry cleaning plants. Emissions from one plant were determined to be 2,100 ppm (measured as propane) (EPA 1980). Fugitive emissions from other industrial or domestic uses (such as incompletely sealed or punctured barrels) may contribute to levels of Stoddard solvent in the environment, including contributions to general levels of volatile organic carbon. In addition, surface water contamination may occur as a result of direct spills of Stoddard solvent onto surface waters, runoff from spills to soil with subsequent transmission to nearby water sources, or from improper disposal, such as pouring Stoddard solvent down drains. Accidental spills of Stoddard solvent to various media are reported to the Emergency Response Notification System (ERNS) maintained by EPA. Total spill data for Stoddard solvent are ... 

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