Vitamin precautions

O Design a titration that uses an iodine solution to determine and compare the concentration of vitamin C in a variety of fresh fruit juices. You may find it helpful to research appropriate procedures on the Internet. Include a method for standardizing the iodine solution. (See Challenge question 1.) Make sure that you list all the safety precautions you will use in your titration. Check your procedure with your teacher, and then carry out your titration. 

IV use Severe reactions, including fatalities, have occurred during and immediately after IV injection, even with precautions to dilute the injection and to avoid rapid infusion. These severe reactions resemble hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis, including shock and cardiac or respiratory arrest. Some patients exhibit these severe reactions on receiving vitamin Kfor the first time. Therefore, restrict the IV route to those situations where other routes are not feasible and the serious risk involved is justified. 

The principal precaution with use of the bile acid resins is the possibility of impaired absorption of other drugs given orally at the same time. Cholestyramine and colestipol can bind many other drugs, such as digitoxin, phenobarbital, chlorothiazide, and warfarin, and delay or prevent their absorption. For this reason, other drugs should always be taken at least 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after the resin. The resins can also decease absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. 

Special Precautions Patients should maintain adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D Patients with enterocolitis may experience diarrhea Etidronate is not metabolized and is excreted intact via the kidney Pregnancy Category C ... 

Vitamin A (retinols) plays a role in epithelial function and the retinoic acid derivative, acitretin (Neotigason, orally), inhibits psoriatic hyperkeratosis over 4-6 weeks. Acitretin should be used in courses (6-9 months) with intervals (3-4 months). It is teratogenic, like the other vitamin A derivatives. Rigorous precautions for use in women of childbearing potential are laid down by the manufacturer and must be followed, including contraception for 2 years after cessation, because the drug is stored in the liver and in fat and released over many months. The plasma t) is 3 months. It can cause other serious toxicity (see Vitamin A, p. 739). Tazarotene, a topical retinoid, is of some benefit in mild psoriasis, but is irritant. 

Precautions Harmless when used for intended purposes. Synonyms vitamine Alumina Trihydrate... 

Precautions A member of the vitamin B complex. FDA approves use within limitations. Recommended dietary allowance is 180 meg a day. 

Precautions High levels are believed to damage arteries and trigger atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Folic acid, a B vitamin, rids the body of homocysteine. The recommended dose of folic acid is 400 megs per day. 

Precautions Slightly toxic by swallowing gross amounts. In glazes, oil, vitamin tablets, vitamin wafers, and whipped toppings. 

Precautions Mildly toxic by swallowing. GRAS (generally recognized as safe) when used at moderate levels. Provides no vitamins, minerals, or protein. Americans consume over 60 pounds per person each... 

Precautions Research indicates 200 mg a day represent the optimal level of vitamin E for immune response. 

Vitamin C 1 g three times daily was found to have no effect on the urinary excretion of methotrexate 45 mg given intravenously to a woman with breast cancer, despite the urine becoming more acidic at pH 5.9 (compare Methotrexate + Urinary alkalinisers , p.654). She was also receiving oral cyclophosphamide, propranolol, amitriptyline, perphenazine and prochlorperazine. No special precautions appear to be necessary. 

Precaution Combustibie Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes HMIS Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses Antioxidant for fats and oils antioxidant, preservative in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plastics, food pkg., food-pkg. adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives defoamer in food-contact paper/paperboard in lubricants for incidental food-contact use pkg. material for irradiated foods Use Level 0.02% max. (preservation of fixed oils, fats, vitamin oil cones.)... 

Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 42 mg/kg poison by ingestion experimental teratogen TSCA listed Precaution Affected by air and light Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses Rodenticide dietary supplement nutrient animal feed additive pharmaceutical ingred. medicine (antirachitic vitamin) mfg. of human and veterinary specialties for oral and parenteral use... 

Precaution Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of manganese Uses Skin conditioner in cosmetics mineral source for pharmaceuticals, vitamin tablets, foods, feed... 

Precaution Flamm. dangerous fire and explosion risk can react vigorously with oxidizers may form peroxides which may initiate exothermic polymerization Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage Storage hazard Uses Monomerfor acrylic polymers amphoteric surfactants chemical intermediate leather finish resins textile and paper coatings plastic films oral pharmaceuticals vitamin Bi modifier for oils/alkyds in food-contact coatings... 

Precaution The vitamin is destroyed by alkalis and alkaline drugs and by oxidizing and reducing agents... 

Because some vitamins are adversely affected by conditions such as light, oxygen, pFl, and heat, proper precautions need to be taken to prevent any deterioration throughout the analytical process. 

Many vitamins have sensitivity to different conditions, regardless of the type of assay applicable. Therefore, certain precautions need to be taken to prevent any deterioration throughout the analytical process. For example, in bioassays, some steps need to be followed with the test material throughout the feeding period, while in microbiological and physicochemical methods, they are required during extraction and analytical procedure [4,9]. 

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