Viruses cell entry

STRUCTURAL BASIS OF NONENVELOPED VIRUS CELL ENTRY... 

Nodaviridae, 152, 153, 223 Nodaviruses, 10, 24—26 Nonenveloped virus cell entry, 455-482 Nonicosahedral particles, baculoviruses as, 387—390 Norwalk virus (NV) capsid protein, 14 gastroenteritis and, 25 heterologous expression investigation of, 3... 

Platt EJ, Dumin IP, Rabat D (2005) Kinetic factors control efficiencies of cell entry, efficacies of entry inhibitors, and mechanisms of adaptation of human immunodeficiency virus, J Virol 79 4347 356... 

Nagasawa T, Nakajima T, Tachibana K, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of a murine pre-B-cell growth-stimulating factor/stromal cell-derived factor 1 receptor, a murine homolog of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 entry coreceptor fusin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996 93 14726-14729. 

Ayehunie S, Garcia-Zepeda EA, Hoxie JA, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 entry into purified blood dendritic cells through CC and CXC chemokine coreceptors. Blood 1997 90(4) 1379-1386. 

Hofer F. Members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family mediate cell entry of a minor group common cold virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994 91 1839-1842. 

To determine if the high in vitro potents of the anti-HIV compound 30 translates into antiviral efficiency in vivo, Datema et al. investigated the inhibition of HIV-1 production and of depletion of human T cells in HIV-1-infected SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice [37]. Steady levels of 100 ng of 30 or higher per mL in plasma resulted in significant inhibition of HIV p24 protein formation. Daily injection of 30 caused a dose-dependent decrease in viral p24 production, and this inhibition could be potentiated by coadministration of AZT (or DDI). This study suggested that 30 alone or in combination with the licensed anti-HIV agents AZT and DDI may decrease the virus load in HIV-infected patients and, by extension, that the infectious cell entry step is a valid target for antiviral chemotherapy of HIV disease. 

Miller, A. and Chen, F. (1996) Retrovirus packaging cells based on lOAl murine leukemia virus for production of vectors that use multiple receptors for cell entry. J VlrollO, 5564-5571. 

Ross, S., Schofield, J., Farr, C. and Bucan, M. (2002) Mouse transferrin receptor 1 is the cell entry receptor for mouse mammary tumor virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA%%, 12386-12390. 

A number of products exist that are targeted at any of the successive events implicated in the replicative cycle of HIV virus entry, viral adsorption, virus-cell fusion, reverse (RNA —> DNA) transcription, proviral DNA integration, viral (DNA —> RNA) transcription (transactivation), viral (mRNA —> protein) translation, virus release, viral assembly, budding, and maturation... 

Pastor-Anglada, M., Cano-Soldado, P., Molina-Arcas, M., Lostao, M. P., Larrayoz, I., Martlnez-Picado, J., Casado, F.J. Cell Entry and Export of Nucleoside Analogues. Virus Res. 2004,107, 151-164. 

Shi, W. and Bartlett, J. S. (2003). RGD inclusion in VP3 provides adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2)-based vectors with a heparan sulfate-independent cell entry mechanism. Mol. Ther. 7, 515-525. 

HIV enters the host cell by fusing the lipid membrane of the virus with the host cell membrane. This fusion is triggered by the interaction of proteins on the surface of the HIV envelope with specific cell surface receptors. One of these is CD4, the main receptor for HIV-1 that binds to gpl20, a surface protein on the virus particle.5 CD4 alone, however, is not sufficient to permit HIV fusion and cell entry-an additional co-receptor from the chemokine family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) is required. The chemokine receptor CCR5 has been demonstrated to be the major co-receptor for the... 

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