Virus macrophage-derived

Eisert V, Kreutz M, Becker K, et al. Analysis of cellular factors influencing the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type I in human macrophages derived from blood of different healthy donors. Virology 2001 286(1) 31 44. 

HIV strains are grouped according to the preferred site of replication. T-tropic viruses prefer replication in T lymphocytes and M-tropic viruses in macrophages. Use of chemokine receptors differs for each subgroup CXCR4 (or fusin, the receptor for stromal cell-derived factor [SDF-1]) for T-tropic viruses and CCR5 (the receptor... 

Byrn RA, Kiesshng AA (1998) Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus in semen indications of a genetically distinct virus reservoir. J Reprod Immunol 41(1-2) 161-176 Carr JM, Hocking H, Li P, Burrell CJ (1999) Rapid and efficient celL-to-ceU transmission of human immunodeficiency vims infection from monocyte-derived macrophages to peripheral blood lymphocytes. Virology 265(2) 319-329... 

Interferon-7 was the first secretory product of T cells to be discovered when it was found that supernatants derived from suspensions of T cells that had been treated with mitogenic agents could activate macrophages. This macrophage activating factor , subsequently found to interfere with the replication of viruses, was thus named interferon. The production of this compound, associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity and cell-mediated immunity, was termed immune interferon or type II interferon. With the discovery of other lymphokines with interferon-like activity (interferon-a and -j3), the compound was finally designated interferon-7. 

Apoptosis in viral-infected cells is induced by cytotoxic T( cells bound (via both the cell surface T cell receptor and CD8 protein) to the target cell MHCI complex (which presents a virus-derived peptide). This process is assisted by interleukin-2 (IL-2) (acting via the PM IL-2 receptor on T( cells), the IL-2 having been generated by helper TH cells complexed (via both the cell surface T cell receptor and CD4 protein) to a macrophage MHCII complex... 

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