Vinyl applications

Triazine, 3-amino-6-[(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-applications, 3, 455... 

Moy, P, Aryl phosphate ester fire-retardant additive for low-smoke vinyl applications, J. Vinyl Addit. Tech., 2004, 10(4), 187-192. 

In contrast, yellow iron oxide begins to lose its water of hydration above 177°C and converts to Fe203. Consequently, its use in plastics is limited to low-temperature processes. It is well suited for weatherable flexible vinyl applications. At one time, truckloads of yellow iron oxides were used in the coloration of low-density polyethylene disposable green garbage bags. 

PX-911 offers excellent permamence, Iom volatility, good efficiency, and good retention of physical properties for heat aging vinyl applications. Heat and light stability of PX-911 is superior to phthalate esters made from branched chain alcohols. 

Palatinol TOTM provides desircdjle properties in vinyl applications which require good plasticizer/resin couq>atibility, low volatility, resistance to extraction by soapy water and good electrical properties. 

These sets of performance properties suggest several flexible vinyl applications. Most of these are plastisol-based. To highlight and illustrate performance, the following examples are presented. 

Acid number mg KOH/g. This is a quality indicator lower values are desired for vinyl applications. 

There are numerous other applications for the salts and esters of citric acid besides those suggested by the polymers listed above, but the focus is vinyl. Table 8.45 lists the vinyl applications for select citrates. 

Not all the citrates are used in vinyl. The following are some of the products that are recommended for vinyl applications ... 

W. D. Arendt, D. Petrovich, and M. Joshi, Optimizing Performance of Benzoate and Phthalate Blends for Vinyl Applications, ANTEC 2005, Volume 3 (May 5, 2005). 

Molybdenum compounds are regarded as the standard for low-smoke formulations, especially ammonium octamolybdates (AOM) for vinyl applications. Many studies claim that molybdates work in the solid phase, as most of the molybdenum is found in the char residue. Molybdates are said to reduce smoke by catalyzing the formation of trans polymer fragments so that it cannot form aromatic species, characteristic of soot. One producer uses an inert filler (talc) as the core support media onto which a zinc molybdate layer is precipitated on the surface. This coated core stmcture effectively provides smoke suppression at a lower manufacturing cost than neat molybdates. 

At present, there are no good substitutes for lead stabilizers in PVC electrical applications, although the search goes on (see, however. Chapter 4). Cadmium stabilizers, widely used for flexible and semirigid vinyl applications, appear to be phasing out in favor of barium/zinc, calcium/zinc, and zinc/polyphosphite systems. Performance capabilities of many of these packages leave something to be desired. 

COSAN P is an excellent microbiocide for use in general vinyl applications such as wall coverings, upholstery, awnings and similar applications. It is heat stable under most conditions of use and compatible with most commercial formulations. 

Blend A as a high solvator may require formulation adjustments for use. Combining BEl with plasticizers or diluents such as DINP, DIHP and TDB can yield plastisols that satisfy all required process parameters. While BEl can contribute the desired process speed and is similar in solvation to BBP, it is not a drop in replacement. The mixture design experimental approach facilitates formulation adjustments to product process and performance requirements. This is not only true of the demonstration resilient flooring formulation tested but it is also true for other vinyl applications. The DOE suggests how to use these plasticizers for other applications. 

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