Vibrio fischeri luminescent bacteria

ISO 11348-2 (1994) Water quality determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri (luminescent bacteria test), draft, September (revised). International Organization for Standardization, Geneva... 

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (1998) Water Quality - Determination of the Inhibitory Effect of Water Samples on the Light Emission of Vibrio fischeri (Luminescent Bacteria Test) - Parts 1-3, ISO 11348-1/3. ISO, Paris. 

Vibrio fischeri - luminescent bacteria test - acute... 

Bioluminescence can be used for spedfic detection of separated bioactive compounds on layers (BioTLC) [46]. After development and drying the mobile phase by evaporation, the layer is coated with microorganisms by immersion of the plate. Single bioactive substances in multicomponent samples are located as zones of differing luminescence. The choice of the luminescent cells determines the specificity of detection. A specific example is the use of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri with the BioTLC format. The bioluminescence of the bacteria cells on the layer is reduced by toxic substances, which are detected as dark zones on a fluorescent background. BioTLC kits are available from ChromaDex, Inc. (Santa Ana, CA). 

The bacterial bioluminescent reaction is also catalyzed by a luciferase (EC 1.14.14.3) isolated from marine bacteria. The four most studied types are Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio fischeri, Photobacterium phosphoreum and Photobacterium leiognathi18, 19. In these different luminescent bacteria the... 

The Microtox test system utilizes a strain of naturally occurring luminescent bacteria - Vibrio fischeri. Exposure to a toxic substance causes a disruption of the respiratory process of the bacteria resulting in reduced light output. The effective concentration (EC50) is determined as the concentration of a toxicant that causes a 50% reduction in light output over a prescribed period of time (typically 5, 15, or 30 min). The test is fast, fairly simple to conduct, uses small sample sizes, and is relatively inexpensive. Results correlate well with those from other toxicity bioassays such as fish and Daphnia. The test is used... 

Transgenic bacterial biosensors. Systems such as the Microtox assay detailed earlier use the marine species Vibrio fischeri as the sensor. Because it uses a marine bacterium, Microtox must be conducted in saline solution, which is ecologically irrelevant for most soils. Because no naturally luminescent soil bacteria are known that could be used as an alternative, one solution is to fuse the genes responsible for bioluminescence into soil-dwelling strains using recombinant technology (Paton et al., 1997). Two approaches can be used ... 

Toxicity screening follows the conventional TLC development and analysis process, which has to be performed in advance to separate possible toxic substances on the HPTLC plate. The developed and dried plate is dipped into a suspension of bioluminescent bacteria. Vibrio fischeri, thereby exposing any separated bioactive compounds to the test orgartisms. The luminescent activity is reduced or stopped by substances toxic to the bacteria, which may also be toxic to humans. Healthy Vibrio fischeri, emit very weak tight of greenish color, which can not be detected with standard systems using daylight cameras. Thus, a specific bioluminescence detection system is required. 

Wang C, Yediler A, Lienert D, Wang Z, Kettrup A. Toxicity evaluation of reactive dyestuffs, auxiliaries and selected effluents in textile finishing industry to luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri. Chemosphere 2002 46 339-44. 

Luminescent bacteria -bioluminescence inhibition Vibrio fischeri ... 

Microtox Solid-phase test SDI Vibrio fischeri is added to a suspension of the test sample. Subsequently, the mixture is filtered using the device supplied with the kit, and the light emission of the supernatant is determined. The method is a further development of the acute luminescent bacteria test for aqueous samples. Contact test with Bacillus cereus DSM No. 351 Effects on the dehydrogenase activity of the test bacterium after an exposure time of 2 hours are investigated using resazurine reduction (Ronnpagel etal. 1995). 

Research and development efforts over the last 2 years have provided new and useful infraination about the genetics and physiology of the light producing mechanism in the luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri. These research and development efforts, along with years of experience gained from the development and application of the Microtox Acute Toxicity Test, has resulted in the development of a new Microtox Chronic Toxicity Test System using luminescent bacteria [57]. 

If a substance is not readily biodegradable, this does not necessarily imply that the substance is toxic to microorganisms. Therefore, specific experiments on bacteria are carried out to obtain information on substance ecotoxicity. Examples are the respiratory inhibition test (e.g., OECD 209, [45]) and the nitrification inhibition test (ISO 9509, [46]), which are performed on a mixed microbial population representative of a sewage treatment plant s community, cell multiplication inhibition test on Pseudomonas putida (ISO 10712, [47]) and flash tests on luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum [22] and Vibrio fischeri [24], which reduce their luminescence when exposed to toxic substances. 

Luminescent bacteria (Vibrio fischeri and Photobacterium sp.) Seawater ISO 11348 Very short exposure time... 

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