Vascular headaches

It is added to pain relievers because it enhances the effects of aspirin and because many headaches are caused by caffeine withdrawal. Caffeine closes down blood vessels by competing with adenosine, and helps alleviate the vascular headaches caused by withdrawal. 

Hydralazine may cause a dose-related, reversible lupus-like syndrome, which is more common in slow acetylators. Lupus-like reactions can usually be avoided by using total daily doses of less than 200 mg. Other hydralazine side effects include dermatitis, drug fever, peripheral neuropathy, hepatitis, and vascular headaches. For these reasons, hydralazine has limited usefulness in the treatment of hypertension. However, it may be useful in patients with severe chronic kidney disease and in kidney failure. 

Hale, A. R., and Reed, A. F. (1962) Prophylaxis of frequent vascular headache with methysergide. 

Godin, C.R., J.He, J.M.Drerup, and J.Wyman. 1995. Effect of propylene glycol 1,2-dinitrate on cerebral blood flow in rats a potential biomarker for vascular headache Toxicol. Lett. 75 59-68. 

Headache To abort or prevent vascular headaches such as migraine, migraine variant, and cluster headache (histaminic cephalalgia). 

Drug abuse and dependence Patients who take ergotamine for extended periods of time may become dependent upon it and require progressively increasing doses for relief of vascular headaches and for prevention of dysphoric effects that follow withdrawal. 

Pharmacoiogy Isometheptene mucate acts by constricting dilated cranial and cerebral arterioles, thus reducing the stimuli that lead to vascular headaches. Dichloralphenazone, a mild sedative, reduces the patient s emotional reaction to the pain of both vascular and tension headaches. 

Vascular headache, postural hypotension, and reflex tachycardia are common side effects of organic nitrate therapy. Fortunately, tolerance to nitrate-induced headache develops after a few days of therapy. Postural hypotension and tachycardia can be minimized by proper dosage adjustment and by instructing the patient to sit... 

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of vascular headaches (oral) to reduce the occurrence and severity of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery (ophthalmic form)... 

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of psoriatic arthritis, vascular headache... 

Notify the physician if the dihydroergotamine dosage does not relieve vascular headaches, or if irregular heartbeat, nausea, numbness or tingling of the fingers and toes, pain or weakness of the extremities, or vomiting occurs... 

I Unlabeled Uses Treatment of neurogenic pain, panic disorder prevention of vascular headache, pruritus in idiopathic urticaria... 

Mechanism of Action An ergotamine derivative and alpha-adrenergicblocker that directly stimulates vascular smooth muscle, resulting in peripheral and cerebral vasoconstriction. May also have antagonist effects on serotonin. Therapeutic Effect Suppresses vascular headaches. 

Uniabeied Uses Treatment of fever due to malignancy, pericarditis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatic complications associated with Paget s disease of bone, vascular headache... 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention of vascular headache treatment of depression, neutropenia... 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention of aspiration pneumonia treatment of drug-related postoperative nausea and vomiting, persistent hiccups, slow gastric emptying, vascular headaches... 

Unlabeled Uses To increase survival rate in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment orprevention of anxiety cardiacarrhythmias hypertrophiccar-diomyopathy mitral valve prolapse syndrome pheochromocytoma tremors thyrotoxicosis vascular headache... 

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of arrhythmias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Ml, mitral valve prolapse syndrome, neuroleptic-induced akathisia, pheochromocytoma, tremors, thyrotoxicosis, vascular headaches... 

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of bipolar disorder, hyperfrophiccardiomyopafhy, vascular headaches... 

It has been used for migraine prophylaxis, vascular headaches, postgastrectomy dumping syndrome and also used to combat diarrhoea and malabsorption in carcinoid patients. 

Abort or prevent vascular headache Caffeine Ergotamine tartrate Cafergot Cocoa butter... 

Since neurogenic inflammation may be important in the pathophysiology of vascular headache (Moskowitz, 1991 Gothert et al., 1995), the use of specific H3 receptor agonists could be useful in the treatment of such disease (Mansfield, 1990). 

Mansfield, L.E., 1990. The role of antihistamine therapy in vascular headaches. J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol. 86, 673-676. 

Moskowitz, M.A., 1991. The visceral organ brain implications for the pathophysiology of vascular headache. Neurology 41, 182-186,... 

A group of drugs known collectively as ergot derivatives display some alpha-blocking ability as well as other unique properties. Ergot alkaloids and ergoloid mesylates and are used clinically for diverse problems, including the treatment of vascular headache and improvement of mental function in pre-senile dementia. 

Propranolol [Inderal). Propranolol, the classic nonselective beta blocker, is approved for use in hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, and prevention of myocardial reinfarction. In addition, propranolol has been used in the prevention of vascular headache and as an adjunct to alpha blockers in treating pheochromocytoma. Propranolol is usually administered orally for the long-term management of the previously listed conditions, but it may be administered via intravenous injection for the immediate control of arrhythmias. 

Timolol CBlocadren). This nonselective beta blocker is administered orally for the treatment of hypertension and prevention of myocardial reinfarction. It may also be used to treat angina or prevent vascular headaches. 

As investigations in recent years have shown that serotonin may play an important role as a transmitter substance, Deseril will undoubtedly contribute to the elucidation of the functions of serotonin in the organism. Investigations have already shown that it exerts very beneficial effects in the preventive treatment of migraine and other vascular headaches... 

Nonnarcotic analgesic combinations usually consist of one or more of the fitUowing agents acetaminophen, salicylates, salsalate, and saUcylamide. Some of the products contain barbiturates, meprobamate, or antihistamines to produce a sedative effect, and antacids may be included to minimize gastric upset associated with the salicylates. Caffeine, a traditional adjuvant in many analgesic combinations, may be beneficial in the treatment of certain vascular headache syndromes. Some belladonna alkaloids may be incorporated for their antispasmodic properties. Pamabrom, a diuretic, and cinnamedrine, a sympathomimetic amine, are sometimes included in products for premenstrual syndrome. 

Abnormalities of the internal carotid artery Unilateral vascular headache syndromes Direct or indirect trauma Spontaneous or traumatic occlusion Aneurysms Atherosclerosis Spontaneous dissection Lesions involving the middle cranial fossa and cavernous sinus Basal skull fractures... 

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