Neurogenic inflammation

Possible applications are extensive and include the treatment of pain (e.g. in burns), inflammation, neurogenic inflammation, oedema (including cerebral oedema and angio-oedema), shock (especially septic shock, probably with B, as well as B2 antagonists), rhinitis and asthma, pancreatitis and defective ion transport, such as cholera, Crohn s disease and cystic fibrosis, and chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. 

Serotonin agonists G-protein coupled 5-HT receptors 5-HT3 ion channels cAMP (5-HT-,) t cAMP (5-HT4 7) t PLC (5-HT2) l Release of excitatory neuropeptides l Neurogenic inflammation f vasoconstriction Myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular occlusion... 

Lippe, I.T., Stabentheiner, A. and Holzer, P. (1993b). Participation of nitric oxide in the mustard oil-induced neurogenic inflammation of the tat paw skin. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 232, 113-120. 

Sendai virus infection potentiates neurogenic inflammation in the rat trachea. J. Appl. Physiol. 68, 754-760. 

McLeod, R. L., Aslanian, R., del Prado, M. et at (1998). Sch 50971, an orally active histamine H3 receptor agonist, inhibits central neurogenic vascular inflammation and produces sedation in the guinea pig. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 287, 43-50. 

NSAIDs appear to prevent neurogenically mediated inflammation in the trigeminovascular system by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. 

S. D., Essential role for nitric oxide in neurogenic inflammation in rat cutaneous microcirculation. Evidence for an endothelium-independent mechanism, Circ. Res. 76 (1995), p.441-447... 

Neurogenic inflammation induced by chemical irritation of the skin is... 

An interaction between neuronal stimulation and mast-cell secretion has been considered for sometime in neurogenic inflammation [59, 60]. Here, it is speculated that injury to the skin elicits a characteristic reaction beginning with a local reddening at the site of injury which then rapidly spreads out for several... 

Figure 4.1. Model of neurogenic inflammation. Stimulation at the skin initiates orthodromic impulses in sensory nerve receptors which elicit antidromic impulses in branching collaterals. The release of neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and somatostatin (SOM) from nerve terminals ensues and they in turn stimulate the release of histamine (H) and the generation of leukotrienes (LT) from nearby mast cells. These mediators then produce vasodilatation and an increase in vascular permeability. In addition, they act on the nerve terminal to produce further...

K+ channels K-atp Rat brain Diabetes, asthma, cardiac arrythmia, angina, cardiac and cerebral ischemia, thrombosis, hypertension, incontinence, pain, neurogenic inflammation, epilepsy, stroke, hair growth Control of insulin release, vasodilatation, protection against cell ischemia... 

V.c.1.1. Cyclo-oxygenase inhibition. Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase reduces the level of circulating prostaglandins and neurogenic inflammation. This is the mechanism of action of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin. The mode of action of paracetamol is less clear (inhibition of prostaglandins in the nociceptors of the posterior horn of the spinal cord and action on the supraspinal structures implicated in nociception). 

It has a much broader therapeutic window full desensitization to pain or neurogenic inflammation may be achieved by means of a single RTX injection and without unacceptable toxicity. 

Phebus, L. A., Johnson, K. W., Stengel, P. W., Lobb, K. L., Nixon, J. A., Hipskind, P. A. The non-peptide NK-1 receptor antagonist LY303870 inhibits neurogenic dural inflammation in guinea pigs, Life Sci. 1997, 60, 1553-1561. 

CGRP together with substance P may also play a role in migraine-associated neurogenic inflammation. 

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