Dumping syndrome

Waste Dumping Syndrome Environmental degradation though (un) controlled disposal of waste Contamination of soils and groundwater, with harmful effects on drinking water, health hazards... 

It has been used for migraine prophylaxis, vascular headaches, postgastrectomy dumping syndrome and also used to combat diarrhoea and malabsorption in carcinoid patients. 

As 5-HT antagonist it is used in controlling intestinal manifestations of carcinoid and postgastrectomy dumping syndrome. In addition, it has weak anticholinergic and sedative properties also. 

Octreotide inhibits intestinal secretion and has dose-related effects on bowel motility. In low doses (50 meg subcutaneously), it stimulates motility, whereas at higher doses (eg, 100-250 meg subcutaneously), it inhibits motility. Octreotide is effective in higher doses for the treatment of diarrhea due to vagotomy or dumping syndrome as well as for diarrhea caused by short bowel syndrome or AIDS. Octreotide has been used in low doses (50 meg subcutaneously) to stimulate small bowel motility in patients with small bowel bacterial overgrowth or intestinal pseudo-obstruction secondary to scleroderma. 

Long-term acarbose had a good effect on late dumping syndrome in six patients with type 2 diabetes one patient complained of increased flatulence (41). 

Hasegawa T, Yoneda M, Nakamura K, Ohnishi K, Harada H, Kyouda T, Yoshida Y, Makino I. Long-term effect of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor on late dumping syndrome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998 13(12) 1201-6. 

Vecht J, Lamers CB, Masclee AA. Long-term results of octreotide-therapy in severe dumping syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1999 51(5) 619-24. 

Cyproheptadine, a serotonin and histamine receptor- and muscarinic cholinergic receptorblocking agent, has been used in the treatment of postgastrectomy dumping syndrome and the intestinal hypermotility seen with carcinoid. 

The major clinical applications of cyproheptadine are in the treatment of the smooth muscle manifestations of carcinoid tumor and in the postgastrectomy dumping syndrome. It is also the preferred drug in cold-induced urticaria. The usual dosage in adults is 12-16 mg/d in three or four divided doses. 

Gastric stasis and hypochlorhydria secondary to vagotomy diarrhea and steatorrhea Dumping syndrome, malabsorption, lack of intrinsic factor, hypoglycemia Malabsorption, renal oxalate stones, metabolic acidosis, diarrhea Malabsorption, diabetes mellitus... 

After gastrectomy due to decreased acid, which is needed for ferrous absorption decreased small intestinal transit time = dumping syndrome)... 

Carbohydrate Malabsorption 318 The Dumping Syndrome 318 Steatorrhea Idiopathic Steatorrhea Celiac Disease or Nontropical Sprue... 

Malnutrition may also result from disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Among the malabsorption syndromes, carbohydrate malabsorption due to inborn errors of metabolism, the dumping syndrome resulting from gastrectomy, and steatorrhea will be discussed [136]. 

These experimentations further suggest that it is not likely to be the osmotic pressure of the solution injected into the jejunum that induces the dumping syndrome, but rather the distension of the intestinal loop by the sudden dumping of large volumes of fluid in it. 

Indeed, the injection of 5Vo glucose and even of polyethylene glycol leads to symptoms similar to those caused by higher concentrations [138]. The pathogenic mechanism of the dumping syndrome is summarized in Fig. 4-44. 

The significant disturbances in physiology consequent on this procedure (dumping syndromes, afferent and efferent loop syndromes) were thought tolerable as compared to the invariable mortality associated with a leak from a Billroth l-type anastomosis. 

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