Upjohn Pharmaceuticals

Finally, financial support and technical collaborations have been provided NU in antibody areas by Pharmacia and Upjohn Pharmaceutical Company, through the Animal Health and Drug Metabolism Division (J. Nappier and G. Fate). Additional antibody analysis collaborations have been possible through SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (D. Nesta and J. Baldoni). These contracts have allowed us to become involved in affinity and immunoaffinity CE areas. Isco Corporation, Thermo Separation Products (Thermo Quest), and Waters Corporation have all donated major instrumentation, materials, and supplies to our efforts in the areas of affinity CE. Colleagues at Supelco, Phase Separations, Ltd., J W Scientific, and Unimicro Technologies have all donated coated or packed capillaries for studies in CE and CEC. We are very appreciative of all these collaborations and technical/financial assistance in developing CE, CIEF, and, most recently, ACE approaches for proteins and antibodies. 

Recombinant Erythropoietin"—In June 1989, Amgen received approval to market its version of recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure. EPO is a protein usually produced by the kidneys and necessary for the production of red blood cells. Amgen had first produced the drug in 1983 and had received orphan status for it in 1986. In September 1988, Chugai Pharmaceuticals of Japan, in a joint venture with Upjohn Pharmaceuticals, filed a PLA with the FDA to market its own version of rEPO in competition with Amgen. 

U.S.A., in lactating dairy cattie to increase milk production. EH Lilly and Company, The Upjohn Company, and American Cyanamid Company also have interests in the commercial appHcation of recombinant bovine GH. Recombinant porcine GH [9061-23-8] preparations from several companies, eg. The Upjohn Company, Smith Kline Beecham Animal Health, Pitman-Moore, Inc., Monsanto Company, and American Cyanamid Company, are being evaluated for commercial use. Recombinant human GH for clinical use is marketed under such names as Protropin (Genentech), Umatrope (EH Lilly), Genotropin (Sumitomo), and Somatonorm (Kabi-Vitmm) by a variety of pharmaceutical companies. A listing of additional suppHers is available (2). 

Anthony Adson, Ph.D. Pharmacia Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas... 

At Upjohn he became Vice President for Research and a member of the Board of Directors. Shortly after arrival he was told to pick one major area ot research for Upjohn and then to do what was necessary to put Upjohn research in the front ranks of pharmaceutical research. He picked steroids as the area to emphasize, and under his direction Upjohn became a major factor in steroidal drugs and a leader in research. His friends at DuPont were not surprised to hear by the grapevine that Schreiber seemed to know all the Upjohn research people by their first names, was a stimulating leader, and answered his own phone. 

Gregory E. Atnidon, Ph.D. Senior Scientist, Drug Delivery R D—Pharmaceutics, The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan... 

The primary purpose of this chapter is to review the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of non-peptide kappa opioid agonists and antagonists from the viewpoint of a medicinal chemist. It is intended to present an account of work in this area published in journals and in patents from 1985 up to the end of 1990. During the late 1980 s there was a significant increase in the literature on kappa opioids and this has resulted in several publications which, at the time of writing, have not been previously reviewed. Three pharmaceutical companies, Upjohn, Parke-Davis and Zambeletti (SB-Italy), have progressed kappa agonists into clinical trials, so it seems an appropriate and opportune time to review the preclinical data. 

Based on extensive experience in wastewater reduction and recovery experience at Bristol Labs (Syracuse, NY) and at the Upjohn Company (Kalamzoo, Michigan), the following practices have been recommended for waste control and recovery of byproducts in pharmaceutical industries [8,9,36,37] ... 

EXTENSIONS AND COMMENTARY In the 1960 s there was quite a bit of interest in a couple of pharmaceutical houses with the indole analogues of amphetamine. Both the alpha-methylated tryptamine (this compound, a-MT) and the alpha-ethylated homologue (a-ET, see its separate recipe) were found to be effective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and both were clinically studied as potential antidepressants. The ethyl compound became a commercial drug, offered by the Upjohn Company as Monase, but now is considered to be without medical use and is a Schedule I drug. It is interesting that this methyl compound, a-MT was also a medically available antidepressant in the Soviet Union in the 1960 s and was sold under the name of Indopan, in 5 and 10 milligram tablets. 

The pharmaceutical industry in industrialized countries experienced a high rate of merger and acquisition activity in the 1980s and 1990s. Most of the leading pharmaceutical firms in the OECD countries are the result of one or more horizontal mergers. For example, Pfizer is the combination of Pfizer, Warner-Lambert, and Pharmacia, which included Upjohn (Danzon, Epstein, and Nicholson 2003). 

Strand LM, Cipolle RJ, Morley PC. 1992. Pharmaceutical care An introduction. In Current Concepts, p. 1. Kalamazoo, MI Upjohn Company. 

Although at least five other pharmaceutical companies claimed priority of the invention (Merck, Squibb, Pfizer, Upjohn and Syntex), none was able to convince the U.S. Patent Office. A patent was finally issued to Schering Corp. in 1964 (10 years after the initial filing). To this day, prednisone and prednisolone remain the standard of systemic corticosteroid therapy throughout the world. 

Within the pharmaceutical industry itself, the wish of each company s management to see its firm reach what is considered a critical size remained a constant feature as the century came to an end and the new millennium began. It led to new national and transnational mergers. In France, Sanofi (Elf Aquitaine) merged with Synthelabo (L Oreal) and Laboratoires Pierre Fabre with BioMerieux. Elsewhere the Swedish Astra and the British Zeneca combined their operations Pharmacia-Upjohn took control of Monsanto and two giant firms, Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham, announced their intention to combine their activities, which would lead to a group with a turnover of 25 billion, exceeded only by Pfizer after its acquisition of Warner Lambert. 

Assignee Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Pharmacia Upjohn Company... 

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