Clarifying filters

In most water clarification or softening processes in which coagulation and precipitation occur, at least a portion of the clarified water is filtered. Clarifier effluents of 2—10 NTU may be improved to 0.1—1.0 NTU by conventional sand filtration. Filtration ensures acceptable suspended sohds concentrations in the finished water even when upsets occur in the clarification processes. 

Cake Filters Filters that accumulate appreciable visible quantities of solids on the surface of a filter medium are called cake filters. The slurry feed may have a solids concentration from about 1 percent to greater than 40 percent. The filter medium on which the cake forms is relatively open to minimize flow resistance, since once the cake forms, it becomes the effective filter medium. The initial filtrate therefore may contain unacceptable sohds concentration until the cake is formed. This situation may be made tolerable by recycling the filtrate until acceptable clarity is obtained or by using a downstream polishing filter (clarifying type). 

Additional reagents and equipment for filtering/clarifying fat or oil sample (as for determining IV see Basic Protocol 1)... 

Decolorization. Filtered clarified liquor is a clear brown liquid having a solids content between 55 and 65 percent, pH of 6.7 to 7.2, and temperature between 65 and 85°C. The next stage of refining involves removing this color to... 

Use Photographic film sizing textile and paper adhesives cements capsules formedicinals matches light filters clarifying agent desserts, jellies, etc. culture medium for bacteria blood plasma volume expander microencapsulation printing inks nutrient protective colloid in ice cream. 

Clarifying Filters Clarifying filters are used to separate liquid mixtures which contain only very small quantities of solids. When the... 

Purification upon prolonged standing the material develops impurities of p-toluenesulfonic acid and HCl. Tosyl chloride is purified by dissolving 10 g in a minimum volume of CHCI3 (ca. 25 mL), filtering, and diluting with five volumes (ca. 125 mL) of petroleum ether (bp 30-60 °C) to precipitate impurities (mostly tosic acid, mp 101-104 °C). The solution is filtered, clarified with charcoal, and concentrated to ca. 40 mL by evaporation. Further evaporation to a very small volume gives 7 g of pure white crystals (mp 67.5-68.5 °C). ... 

ND STAGE-EXISTINR EAISTIIK INTERMEDIATE-RATE SECDMDArT FILTER CLARIFIER... 

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