UOP process

The UOP process (Nowacki, 1979) involves solvent extraction of the coal in a flow reactor at 400°C-450°C (750°F-840°F) and 1500-3000 psi and, after filtration, the product stream is hydrogenated to afford a low-sulfur liquid product which accounts for the majority (approximately 70%) of the feed coal (daf) gases make up approximately 8% of the feed coal. 

Source Baughman, G.L., Synthetic Fuels Data Handbook, Cameron Engineers, Denver, CO, 1978. 

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The modern HF alkylation processes are also differentiated primarily by the reactor system that is used. The Phillips process employs a gravity acid circulation system and a riser reactor (19). The UOP process uses a pumped acid circulation system and an exchanger reactor (20). 

In the physical separation process, a molecular sieve adsorbent is used as in the Union Carbide Olefins Siv process (88—90). Linear butenes are selectively adsorbed, and the isobutylene effluent is distilled to obtain a polymer-grade product. The adsorbent is a synthetic 2eohte, Type 5A in the calcium cation exchanged form (91). UOP also offers an adsorption process, the Sorbutene process (92). The UOP process utilizes ahquid B—B stream, and uses a proprietary rotary valve containing multiple ports, which direct the flow of Hquid to various sections of the adsorber (93,94). The cis- and trans-isomers are alkylated and used in the gasoline blending pool. 

T. Horigome, R. Johnson, and D. Gandhi, "The Eirst World Scale Plant using the Lummus/Unocal/UOP Process for Ethylbenzene is a Huge... 

Both fixed and fluid-bed reactors are used to produce acrylonitrile, but most modern processes use fluid-bed systems. The Montedison-UOP process (Figure 8-2) uses a highly active catalyst that gives 95.6% propylene conversion and a selectivity above 80% for acrylonitrile. The catalysts used in ammoxidation are similar to those used in propylene oxidation to acrolein. Oxidation of propylene occurs readily at... 

In the UOP process (Figure 10-5), fresh propylene feed is combined with fresh and recycled benzene, then passed through heat exchangers and a steam preheater before being charged to the reactor.The effluent is separated, and excess benzene recycled. Cumene is finally clay treated and fractionated. The bottom product is mainly diisopropyl benzene, which is reacted with benzene in a transalkylation section ... 

SULFOX A UOP process for the catalytic oxidation of aqueous sulfides. Not commercialized. 

Lummus hypochlorite process, 10 655 Lummus-Transcat process, 25 647 Lummus-Unocal-UOP process, 23 331, 332... 

The process involves reacting butenes and mixtures of propenes and butenes with either a phosphoric acid type catalyst (UOP Process) or a nickel complex-alkyl aluminum type catalyst (IFP Dimersol Process) to produce primarily hexene, heptene, and octene olefins. The reaction first proceeds through the formation of a carbocation which then combines with an olefin to form a new carbocation species. The acid proton donated to the olefin initially is then released and the new olefin forms. Hydrotreatment of the newly formed olefin species results in stable, high-octane blending components. 

Lewis and protic acids, usually AICI3 and H2SO4, are used in the liquid phase at temperatures of 40-70°C and at pressures of 5-15 atm. Phosphoric acid on kieselguhr promoted with BF3 (UOP process)309 319 is used in gas-phase alkylation (175-225°C, 30-40 atm). In addition to the large excess of benzene, propane as diluent is also used to ensure high (better than 94%) propylene conversion. This solid phosphoric acid technology accounts for 80-90% of the world s cumene production. 

Figure 5.2-44. Cyclohexane production-UOP process (after Chauvel et al. [63]).

The commercialized BP and UOP processes employ different dual functional platinum catalysts. The BP process was first commercialized between 1963 and 1966 the UOP process in 1959. The BP catalyst has not been modified since its commercial introduction, but the UOP catalyst system has undergone further development (24). An advantage of the BP process is that the catalyst is activated and regenerated in situ. Considering the hydroscopic nature of all the isomerization catalyst sys-... 

Fig. 1, Hydrofluoric acid alkylation unit. (UOP Process Division)...

R 25] Using UOP process specifications, a space-time yield of 2.0 g H202 g, ill l h-1 was achieved which exceeds literature values (see Table 4.7). 

Primary coal liquids must be upgraded in order to serve these markets. A logical route is to use current black oil conversion technology as practiced in the petroleum industry (2). An applicable UOP process is RCD Unibon (3). This comprises the direct processing of petroleum residues to reduce the sulfur and nitrogen content of heavy fuel oil or to combine desulfurization with conversion of residue to lighter, more valuable products. 

Description The configuration of an aromatics complex depends upon the available feedstock, the desired product slate, and the balance between performance and capital investment. A fully integrated modern complex contains a number of UOP process technologies. 

In the presence of acid catalysts (for example, phosphoric acid on support), propylene yields a mixture of the trimer and the tetramer. The UOP process is conducted in a... 

Table 2.31 gives some economic data concerning the production of 1 -butene, hepienes and octenes, by the IFF and UOP processes. 

Fig. 3.8. Separatioii of Ubutene from cuts. UOP process (Sorbuteoe).

Asidn, G. F Persak, R. A.. BTX aromatics eztractioo , UOP Process Division Teehn4Aogy Conference, Des Plainer Blmois (SepL/Nov. 1975). 

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