University of Breslau

Clara Immerwahr was not sure she was suited for marriage. At 30, she had a teaching certificate and a doctorate, the first earned by a woman at the University of Breslau. Her degree was in chemistry, and she was eager for a research career. Nonetheless, after only three days, she accepted his proposal. Otherwise, she said, one chord of my soul would lie fallow. ... 

Arndt, F. Eistert, B. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1935, 68, 200. Fritz Arndt (1885—1969) was bom in Hamburg, Germany. He discovered the Arndt—Eistert homologation at the University of Breslau where he extensively investigated the synthesis of diazomethane and its reactions with aldehydes, ketones, and acid chlorides. Fritz Arndt s chain-smoking of cigars ensured that his presence in the laboratories was always well advertised. Bernd Eistert (1902-1978), bom in Ohlau, Silesia, was Arndt s Ph.D. student. Eistert later joined I. G. Earbenindustrie, which became BASE after the Allies broke the conglomerate up after WWII. 

BORN, MAX (1882-1970). A German-born British physicist. Max Born studied mathematics and physics and in 1904 became David Hilbert is private assistant for. While at the University of Breslau, he won a competition on the stability of elastic wires and it became the dissertation for his Ph.D. After graduate school, he studied special relativity for a while, then became interested in the physics of crystals. In 1912. he published the Born-Karman theory of specific heats and his work on crystals is a cornerstone of solid-state theory. 

LEWIS, WARREN P. (1882-1974). Bom in Laurel, Maryland, graduated front MIT in 1905. and received is Ph.D. from the University of Breslau. Germany in 1908. He became professor of chemical engineering al MIT in 1910. He is often regarded as the "lather" of chemical engineering in the U.S.. as Itis outstanding hooks and oilier publications did much to establish the fundamental principles of this field. 

July 27,1878, Grabow, Germany, now part of Szczecin, Poland - Dec. 29, 1947, Stafifurt, Germany) Crotogino studied chemistry at the Universities of Breslau and... 

Clausthal, where he performed, guided by - Ktister, F. W.y studies on redox potentials. For that research he received his Ph.D. in 1900 at the University of Giessen [i]. He was the first who demonstrated the possibility to follow a -+ redox titration with the help of - poten-tiometry [ii]. Following short periods at the ETH Zurich and University of Breslau, Crotogino worked all his life as a chemist and in leading positions in the industry, mainly in potassium salt fabrication [iii]. 

Warren Kendall Lewis (1882-1978) studied chemical engineering at the Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and gained his chemistry PhD in 1908 at the University of Breslau. Between 1910 and 1948 he was a professor at MIT. His research topics were filtration, distillation and absorption. In his paper The evaporation of a liquid into a gas , Mech. Engineering 44 (1922) 445-448, he considered simultaneous heat and mass transfer during evaporation and showed how heat and mass transfer influence each other. 

Qlhe Arndt-Eistert reaction [33] was discovered in 1927 at the University of Breslau (Wroclaw, Poland) by Bernd Eistert (1902-1978), while he was working on his PhD thesis with Fritz Arndt (1885-1969). In 1933, Arndt was forced by the Nazi regime to abandon his position at Breslau University. After a short stay at Oxford University, he accepted a professorship at the University of Istanbul. 

Nicolaus Wolfgang Fischer (Gross-Meseritz, Mahren, 15 January 1782-Breslau, 19 August 1850), M.D., was first a physician in Breslau (1807), where he gave lectures on chemistry (1808), then assistant (1812), assistant professor (1813) and professor of chemistry (1814) in the University of Breslau. He worked on the action of light on silver chloride (see p. 715), on osmosis (see p. 651) and on the separation of cobalt... 

I came to the University of Hessen in succession la Klemens Schrafer. I am almost ashamed la confess, that at the moment I sign the present curriculum vitae I am no longer a professor at the University of Breslau, because on Oct. 15.1 received my nomination to the University of Zurich. My instability may be recognized exclusively as a sign of my ingratitude ... 

Albert Ladenburg (1842-1911) was a student of Kekule vide infra) who showed, by chemical reactions, the equivalence of the hydrogens of benzene. Ladenburg eventually became Professor at University of Breslau. 

Invited by Walther Kossel, in 1941 Ivan Stranski left Bulgaria for Germany and worked firstly at the University of Breslau (now Wroclaw, Poland) and then at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut fiir Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie in Berlin-Dahlem (now Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaff). In 1945 Stranski was elected director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry at the Technische Hochschule (now Technische Universitdt) of Berlin and was a rector and a vice rector of this University during the period 1951-1953. In 1953 he joined the Freie Universitdt of Berlin and worked there till 1963, and in 1954 he became also a deputy director of the Fritz-Haber-Institut. 

In the United States, M.I.T. is considered to be the first university to offer a four-year curriculum in chemical engineering (a "course" X in M.I.T. s parlance), in 1888. However, as a Department, Chemical Engineering did not become independent until 1920 Until then it was the Division of Applied Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry. In those early days Walker (for whom the most prestigious AIChE Award is named) was the main driving force of the Division, assisted by Warren K. "Doc" Lewis (1882-1975, for whom the prestigious AIChE Teaching Award is named) after his return from the University of Breslau where he... 

Eventually she became a protege of Richard Abegg (1869-1910), Haber s former classmate and a newly appointed professor of chemistry in Breslau, and she earned her magna cum laude doctorate as the first woman at the University of Breslau in December 1900. Marriage followed jnst half a year later. Their only child, Hermann, was born in 1902, and she was transformed from an eager young scientist to a dissatisfied honsewife who now shared little of her husband s preoccupation with his research. ... 

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