Breslau University

Clara Haber reportedly pleaded with Haber to stop his poison gas work. She visited the training site for poison gas workers and was horrified by experiments conducted on animals. Early in the war, an experiment in the institute laboratory exploded moments after Haber left the room. One scientist lost his hand, and a young physicist, Otto Sackur, one of Clara s classmates at Breslau University, was killed. As Sackur lay dying, Haber stood speechless, unable to do anything but shake his head in shock. It was Clara who thought to try first aid and who ordered her friend s necktie cut away so he could breathe more easily. Haber later found a job at the institute for Sackur s daughter. 

Chemistry. Breslau University ( Germany). Translated and revised by L. H. Long. 

Qlhe Arndt-Eistert reaction [33] was discovered in 1927 at the University of Breslau (Wroclaw, Poland) by Bernd Eistert (1902-1978), while he was working on his PhD thesis with Fritz Arndt (1885-1969). In 1933, Arndt was forced by the Nazi regime to abandon his position at Breslau University. After a short stay at Oxford University, he accepted a professorship at the University of Istanbul. 

Clara Immerwahr was not sure she was suited for marriage. At 30, she had a teaching certificate and a doctorate, the first earned by a woman at the University of Breslau. Her degree was in chemistry, and she was eager for a research career. Nonetheless, after only three days, she accepted his proposal. Otherwise, she said, one chord of my soul would lie fallow. ... 

Fritz Stern. Einstein s German World. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press, 1999. Source for the richest English-language portrait of Haber the man. Source for Breslau patriots Virchow and Max Planck Einstein quotations help with Einstein s divorce Ostwald ignores Einstein chess and detective novels. 

Eistert took his doctorate at Breslau with F. Arndt and became assistant at the University of Bonn to the organic chemist P. Pfeiffer. From 1929 until the war, he worked with BASF in Ludwigshafen. After the war, he was professor of theoretical organic chemistry at the Technische Hochschule in Darmstadt. 

Arndt, F. Eistert, B. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1935, 68, 200. Fritz Arndt (1885—1969) was bom in Hamburg, Germany. He discovered the Arndt—Eistert homologation at the University of Breslau where he extensively investigated the synthesis of diazomethane and its reactions with aldehydes, ketones, and acid chlorides. Fritz Arndt s chain-smoking of cigars ensured that his presence in the laboratories was always well advertised. Bernd Eistert (1902-1978), bom in Ohlau, Silesia, was Arndt s Ph.D. student. Eistert later joined I. G. Earbenindustrie, which became BASE after the Allies broke the conglomerate up after WWII. 

The Waterloo Barrier has been available commercially since 1993. Slurry Systems, Inc., of Gary, Indiana, and The C3 Group of Breslau, Ontario, Canada, are licensed to install Waterloo Barrier. The technology is the subject of several patents held by the University of Waterloo and has been used at over 25 contaminated sites in North America. 

Daniel Sennert (1572-1637) of Breslau, a celebrated teacher of medicine at Wittenberg, was a follower of Paracelsus in the campaign for the chemical medicines, though independent in his judgment, so that he criticized Paracelsus and many of his followers in many things, especially for his belief in the existence of a universal medicine or... 

BORN, MAX (1882-1970). A German-born British physicist. Max Born studied mathematics and physics and in 1904 became David Hilbert is private assistant for. While at the University of Breslau, he won a competition on the stability of elastic wires and it became the dissertation for his Ph.D. After graduate school, he studied special relativity for a while, then became interested in the physics of crystals. In 1912. he published the Born-Karman theory of specific heats and his work on crystals is a cornerstone of solid-state theory. 

LEWIS, WARREN P. (1882-1974). Bom in Laurel, Maryland, graduated front MIT in 1905. and received is Ph.D. from the University of Breslau. Germany in 1908. He became professor of chemical engineering al MIT in 1910. He is often regarded as the "lather" of chemical engineering in the U.S.. as Itis outstanding hooks and oilier publications did much to establish the fundamental principles of this field. 

July 27,1878, Grabow, Germany, now part of Szczecin, Poland - Dec. 29, 1947, Stafifurt, Germany) Crotogino studied chemistry at the Universities of Breslau and... 

Clausthal, where he performed, guided by - Ktister, F. W.y studies on redox potentials. For that research he received his Ph.D. in 1900 at the University of Giessen [i]. He was the first who demonstrated the possibility to follow a -+ redox titration with the help of - poten-tiometry [ii]. Following short periods at the ETH Zurich and University of Breslau, Crotogino worked all his life as a chemist and in leading positions in the industry, mainly in potassium salt fabrication [iii]. 

Feb. 29,1908, Sankt Petersburg, Russia - Nov. 19,2002, Sofia, Bulgaria) Kaishev was born in Russia where his father was at that time at the Russian General Staff Academy. He graduated with a diploma in chemistry from Sofia University in 1930. As a Humboldt fellow he was in Germany (Berlin and Breslau) and obtained his Ph.D. degree from Technische Hochschule zu Breslau under the supervision of Franz Simon (1893-1956) in 1932 [i, ii]. 

Berlin, where he received his Ph.D. in 1925. In 1926 he habilitated for physical chemistry in Sofia, where he became extraordinary Professor in 1926, and full Professor in 1937. In 1930/31 he worked as a Rockefeller scholar at the TH Berlin, and in 1935/36 at the Technical Institute of the Ural in Sverdlovsk, USSR (now Ekaterinburg, Russia). He was Guest Professor in Breslau from 1941 to 1944 and then went to the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin. From 1945 until 1963 he was Professor at the Technical University of Berlin (West-Berlin). Stranski made fundamental contributions to the theory of crystal growth and surface chemistry (see - Stranski-Krastanov heteroepitaxial metal deposition) and [ii]. 

Warren Kendall Lewis (1882-1978) studied chemical engineering at the Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and gained his chemistry PhD in 1908 at the University of Breslau. Between 1910 and 1948 he was a professor at MIT. His research topics were filtration, distillation and absorption. In his paper The evaporation of a liquid into a gas , Mech. Engineering 44 (1922) 445-448, he considered simultaneous heat and mass transfer during evaporation and showed how heat and mass transfer influence each other. 

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887) first formulated and published the laws named after him for electrical networks when he was still a student at university in Konigsberg. In 1850 he was nominated professor in Breslau and in 1854 he became a professor in Heidelberg. It was here that he worked with R. Bunsen for over 10 years and carried out investigations into the emission and absorption of radiation. Their results became known as Kirchhoff s radiation laws and as Bunsen-Kirchhoff spectral analysis. In 1875 he became Professor of Theoretical Physics of the University of Berlin. Alongside his teacher F. Neumann, Kirchhoff was a founder of mathematical (theoretical) physics in Germany. 

He could hardly have found a more convenient way to fulfill his military responsibilities. In Breslau, he renewed old friendships and pursued, unsuccessfully, lire charming Julie Hamburger, sister of his friend Max. He also rushed from the horse stables of his regiment to philosophy classes at Breslau s university. 

Fritz Haber had one extremely valuable link to his field s ruling clique Richard Abegg, his onetime Berlin classmate, the friend who d first introduced him to physical chemistry. Abegg had moved from Ostwald s laboratory to the University of Gottingen, where he worked as an assistant to another former Ost-wald student, Walther Nernst. In 1899, Abegg took a job teaching at the university in Haber s old hometown of Breslau. 

In Breslau, Richard Abegg also became Fritz Haber s link to a person who belonged to his past and his future. She was a young woman, the first woman ever to acquire a doctorate from Breslau s university. Richard Abegg was her academic adviser. Her name was Clara Immerwahr. 

In 1899, fate brought Fritz Haber s former classmate and good friend Richard Abegg to Breslau. He took a position teaching chemistry at the university, and became Clara Immerwahr s academic adviser. The two developed a friendship that was both properly formal and heartfelt. 

Three days before Christmas in 1900, a crowd composed mostly of women crammed into the ornate ceremonial auditorium of Breslau s university, the Aula Leopoldina, to watch Clara Immerwahr defend her dissertation. Seldom has the awarding of a doctorate been attended by so many, noted a report in the Breslau evening newspaper under the headline Our First Feminine Doctor. ... 

Julius Cohnheim (1839-1884). German pathologist, professor at the universities of Kiel, Breslau, and Leipzig. Worked mainly on inflammation ( theory of alteration ), the fine structure of striated muscle ( Cohnheim striation ), infarction, and the etiology of tumors. 

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