UL 2360 Test Standard

UL 94 Standard Test Methodology for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances [24]... 

The flammability of natural fibre-PLA composites has been studied using the UL 94 standard test procedure (Test for flammability of plastic materials for parts in devices and appliances) (Haapanen and Makinen, 2003). The composites did not pass this test however, the test was passed when an ammonium polyphophate-based fire retardant was included. Another Finnish study (Nurminen, 2000) showed that the tensile strength of a natuml fibre-PLA... 

The UL 94 standard specihes bench-scale test methods to determine the acceptability of plastic materials for use in appliances or other devices with respect to flammability under controlled laboratory conditions. The test method that is used depends on the intended end-use of the material and its orientation in the device. The standard outlines two horizontal burning tests, three vertical burning tests, and a radiant panel flame spread test. The most commonly used test method described in the UL 94 standard is the 20-mm Vertical Burning Test V-0, V-l, or V-2. The method is also described in ASTM D 3801. A schematic of the test setup is shown in Figure 14.3. 

Selected diblock polymers are provided in Table 1. Izod impact strength and flame retardancy testing are provided in Table 2. Flame retardancy was measured according to the UL-94 standard. 

Note Flame retardancy testing was measured according to the UL-94 standard. 

Preliminary tests were performed on smaller samples than dictated by UL-94 standards. 

A simple and rapid technique for testing the flammability of plastics was developed by theUnderwriters Laboratories. The already mentioned UL 94 standard system was firstly issued in 1970. Since then, it has spread all over the world, supplementing the oxygen index values by other essential flammability characteristics in many product guide leaflets. 

F%. 18. Relationship between flame retardant contmt and flame retardam of cured resins (O denotes flame retardancy V-0 and dmotes V-1 or HB tested UL-94 standard methods)... 

The UL 94 standard for flammability of plastic materials consists of five basic tests for classifying materials in different categories. These five basic tests are ... 

Typical Example of a Flammability Test. The UL 94 standard provides procedures for bench-scale tests to determine the acceptability of plastic materials for use in appliances or other devices with respect to flammability under controlled laboratory conditions. The standard includes several test methods that are employed depending upon the intended end use of the material and its... 

A much more severe test is that leading to UL-94-5V classifications. This involves two stages. In the first stage a standard 5 X 0.5 inch bar is mounted vertically and subjected to a 5 inch flame five times for 5 seconds duration with an interval of 5 seconds. To pass the specification no specimen may bum with... 

The Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances (UL 94) has methods for determining whether a material will extinguish, or burn and propagate flame. The UL Standard for Polymeric Materials-ShortTerm Property Evaluations is a series of small-scale tests used as a basis for comparing the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and resistance-to-ignition characteristics of materials. 

The above flame retardants, HMPN and TMP, along with another commercially available alkyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate (TEP), were systematically characterized by Xu et al. To quantify the flammability of the electrolytes so that the effectiveness of these flame retardants could be compared on a more reliable basis, these authors modified a standard test UL 94 HB, intended for solid polymer samples, and measured the self-extinguishing time (SET) instead of the universally used flame propagation rate. Compared with the UL 94 HB, this new quantity is more appropriate for the evaluation of the electrolytes of low flammability, since the electrolytes that are determined to be retarded or nonflammable by this method all showed zero flame propa-... 

Polyphenylene sulfide will not burn when tested by any of the common standard tests used for plastics, such as ASTM D635 and UL-94. However, when exposed In a fire, It will continue to burn until the externally applied flame Is removed. It burns with a yellow-orange flame, producing gray smoke with traces of black. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) provide Standards UL 94 Tests for Flammabihty of Plastic... 

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