UL standard

For physical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, ASTM test methods are employed (28). Flammability ratings are often based on Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standards (29). UL flammabiUty ratings given ia this article are aot iateaded to reflect the hazards preseated by the resias uader use coaditioas. Typical properties are givea ia Table 3. More details and additional properties are given ia Refereaces 5 and 31—33. 

The detonation flame arrester can be either bidirectional or nnidi-rectional. This is one of the main differences between the USCG and UL standards. However, as of April 2000 UL has only listed (approved) bidirectional flame arresters. 

The detonation flame arrester mnst be able to arrest ten deflagrations with and withont a pipe restriction downstream of the flame arrester and five nnrestricted stable and overdriven detonations. The UL standard states, after tests determine the maximnm nnsta-ble (overdriven) detonation, the arrester is to be snbjected to fonr additional nnstable detonations with the length of pipe that resnlted in the maximnm nnstable (overdriven) detonation. The arrester is also to be snbjected to five stable detonations. ... 

The CEN standard has some significant differences and/or clarifications in comparison to the USCG, EM, and UL standards, such as ... 

The UL plastics program is divided into two phases. The first develops information on a material s long- and short-term properties. The second phase uses these data to screen out and indicate a material s strong and weak characteristics. For example, manufacturers and safety engineers can analyze the possible hazardous effects of potentially weak characteristics, using UL standard 746C. 

Products manufactured using concepts in UL Standard 746D provide quick verification of material identification, along with the assurance that acceptable blending or simple compounding operations are used that would not increase the risk of fire, electrical shock, or personal injury. 

The Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances (UL 94) has methods for determining whether a material will extinguish, or burn and propagate flame. The UL Standard for Polymeric Materials-ShortTerm Property Evaluations is a series of small-scale tests used as a basis for comparing the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and resistance-to-ignition characteristics of materials. 

Standards Third-party standards for AST fabrication have evolved significantly over the past two decades, as have various recommended practice guidelines for the installation and operations of AST systems. Standards developed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have been perhaps the most predominant guidelines—in fact, ASTs are often categorized according to the UL standard that they meet, such as a UL 142 tank. ... 

The revised mle also states that all bulk storage container installations mnst provide a secondary means of containment for the entire capacity of the largest single container, with sufficient freeboard to contain precipitation, and that such contaimnent is sufficiently impervious to contain discharged oil. US EPA encourages the use of industry standards to comply with the rules. Many ovmers of shop-fabricated tanks have opted for double-wall tanks built to STI or UL standards as a means to comply with this requirement. 

Some fires may be a combination of these Your fire extinguishers should have ABC ratings on them. These ratings are determined under ANSI/UL Standard 711 and look something like "3-A 40-B C". Higher numbers mean more firefighting power. 

Is the piece of equipment actually UL Listed, or is it merely equipment that "complies with UL Standards ... 

The new test method now being used to test roof deck constructions, that contain polystyrene directly over steel decks, is similarly validated. To complete the understanding and acceptance of the new test, UL is documenting the White House Test and the new smaller scale fire test procedure and acceptance criteria. The methods are being reviewed under the UL standards revision process and, upon completion, will be submitted to the ANSI approvals process, to be incorporated into UL 1256 [53]. 

The Underwriters Laboratory adopted in 2001 new fire safety standards that are resulting in a major increase in the utilisation of FR chemicals. More than 40 other UL standards, governing thousands of goods, are directly affected, including hair dryers, toasters, power drills, and electric can openers. Manufacturers have two choices to re-design their products or use fire-resistant outer casings. FR additives are seen by most as the more cost-effective solution. 

The fire safety of electrical and electronic equipment is promulgated by rules and regulations for product safety laid down mainly by bodies such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) in the USA, and used all over the world. Standards organisations like the International Electrical Commission (lEC) have fire safety requirements that may sometimes be based on those in UL standards. 

Glen Carter, ctiieftectirology officer, Justrite Manufacluing Company, is a recognized authority on flammable iq-uids storage and handling. He is currently on three UL standards committees and has served as a member of the NFRA 30 Technical Committee,... 

If you do purchase a commercially available carbon monoxide detector, make sure that it meets Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) standards. As is the case with smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors should be installed close to sleeping areas. 

The flame retarding properties were evaluated according to the JIS and UL standards using injection molded samples made from given amounts of high impact polystyrene, the flame retardant and antimony oxide. 

The Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) is working with Underwriters Laboratory to devise improved standards in this area, probably through a revision of UL standard 60065... 

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