Type B personality

The following section will address six personality traits that may affect human reliability, namely, motivation, risk taking, risk homeostasis, locus of control, emotional control, and type "A" versus type "B" personality. 

Type B personality is characterized by a relaxed, unhurried, satisfied approach to life and work, in which strivings for achievement tend to flow with the stream of life rather than against it. A t) e A personality is related to strivings for achievement, and preoccupation with time and success even if against the flow of the enviromnent (Friedman and Rosemnan, 1974). A type A personality is considered to be less effective under stress than type B, as the former is characterized by preoccupation with time and success, plus restlessness, and feelings of being pressured (Orpen, 1982)... 

It is worth pointing out, however, that personality traits which do not provide people with adequate resources to maintain performance under stress, may compensate by supporting other activities during normal operations. For instance, "externals" may be more cautious than "internals" and take no chances to risk plant safety, while type A personalities may have a greater motivation to progress in their jobs and perfect their skills than type B personalities. Depending on the type of task, some personality traits will produce better performance than others. More research would be needed to develop a better understanding of the relationships between types of task and preferable personality styles. 

P450 2D6 genetic variation has been corrsid-ered, with some evidence, in explaining depression [974], snicide in relation to serotonin use [975], and type Aversirs type B personality [976],... 

The H-type 2 determinant (Scheme 2.9) is found largely on the surface of erythrocytes and the epidermis of type O persons, at the termini of membrane associated glycoproteins.18 Persons of blood types A and B also possess this determinant, which is further glycosylated at its galactose nonreducing terminus with a galactosamine (type A) or galactose moiety (type B). The solid phase assembly of... 

Our blood type is determined by a gene that is present on chromosome 9, near the end of the long arm. There are four general blood types A, AB, B, and O. Some of these are intermixable while others are not. For instance, A blood from a person is compatible with A and AB B with B and AB AB with only AB and O blood is compatible with all of the blood types—a person with type O is then a universal donor. These compatibility scenarios are not race-related. For all but the native Americans who have almost totally type O, the rest of us have about 40% type O another 40% type A 15% type B and 5% type AB. (Some of the Eskimos are type AB or B and some Canadian tribes are type A.) A and B are codominant versions of the same gene and O is the recessive form of this gene. 

The Problem You have type B+ blood and need a blood transfusion. You can use either type-0 or type-B blood and can use either a + or - RH factor. What is the probability that a person selected at random can be a donor for you ... 

The role of carbohydrates in biological communication is well illustrated by the human blood types.a b According to the ABO system first described by Landsteiner in 1900, individuals are classified into types A, B, AB, and O. Blood of individuals of the same type can be mixed without clumping of cells, but serum from a type O individual contains antibodies that agglutinate erythrocytes of persons of types A and B. Serum of persons of type B causes type A cells to clump and vice versa. Individuals of none of the four types have antibodies against type O erythrocytes. For this reason, persons with type O blood are sometimes inaccurately described as "universal donors."... 

Gan SH, Ismail R, Wan Adnan WA, Zulmi W, Kumaraswamy N, Larmie ET. Relationship between types A and B personality and debrisoquine hydroxylation capacity. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004 57 785-789. 

Specific glycosyltransferases add the extra monosaccharide to the O antigen. Each person inherits the gene for one glycosyltransferase of this type from each parent. The type A transferase specifically adds iV-acetylgalactosamine, whereas the type B transferase adds galactose. These enzymes are identical in all but 4 of 354 positions. The O phenotype is the result of a mutation that leads to premature termination of translation and, hence, to the production of no active glycosyltransferase. 

A further distinction may be made between cases in which the two opposing mechanisms are triggered simultaneously by the same cause and cases in which one is triggered by the other.21 I refer to these as mechanisms of type B, and B2 respectively. The camellia example and the income-substitution example are B, mechanisms. For an example of a Ba mechanism, consider the behavior of a person who faces some barrier or impediment to his goal. According to Jack Brehm, this threat to his freedom of action will induce reactance - a motivation to recover or reestablish the freedom ... 

Before the antibiotic era, the case-fatality rate from the more severe type A strains was 5-15% case-fatality rates ranged from 30 to 60% for patients with pneumonic and severe systemic tularemia. With modem treatment, the case fatality rate for type A strain infections is less than 2%. Type B infections are seldom fatal. Person-to-person transmission does not occur. 

Fig. 1 (a) Expected population distribution along the El dimension for a type-based personality model, and (b) actual distribution of 2004 study respondent scores along the El dimension... 

And has a Type B structure (personal communication from Dr. M. Currie 113)). 

A or O person receives a transfusion of type B blood, antibodies against the B epitope will bind to the introduced red cells and trigger their destruction. To prevent such harmful reactions, blood-group typing and appropriate matching of blood donors and recipients are required in all transfusions (Table 5-2). ... 

People with type A blood also have antibodies against type B blood (anti-B antibodies) in the blood serum. If the person with type A blood receives a transfusion of type B blood, the anti-B antibodies bind to the type B blood cells, causing clumping and destruction of those cells that can result in death. Individuals with type B blood also produce anti-A antibodies and therefore cannot receive a transfusion from a type A individual. Those with type AB blood are considered to be universal recipients because they have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies in their blood. (If they did, they would destroy their own red blood cells ) Thus in emergency situations a patient with type AB blood can receive blood from an individual of any blood type without serious transfusion reactions. Type O blood has no A or B antigens on the RBC but has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Because of the presence of both types of antibodies, type O individuals can receive transfusions only from a person who is also type O. On the other hand, the absence of A and B antigens on the red blood cell surface means that type O blood can be safely transfused into patients of any blood type. Hence type O individuals are universal donors. 

The patient could safely receive type A blood cells from another person because he has both A and B antigens on his own cells and does not have antibodies in his serum to either type A or B cells. However, he should not be given type A serum (or type A whole blood) because type A serum contains antibodies to type B antigens, which are present on his cells. 

Figure 10.8 starts with the Initiator (at the left of the diagram) entering a proposed change into the MOC system (Sections A and B). The MOC Coordinator then creates a list of persons to carry out the review and in what order. Generally, there will be three types of person involved in the review. 

Eor low dispersible material the airborne release of radioactive material in gaseous or particulate form is limited to 100 A2 when subjecting the contents of a Type B(U) package to the mechanical and thermal tests. This 100 limit refers to all particle sizes up to 100 pm AED. Airborne releases can lead to radiation exposure of persons in the downwind direction from the location of an aircraft accident via several exposure pathways. Of primary concern is a short term intake of radioactive... 

The room size assumed is larger than that assumed for an acute release under the Q system. However, the assumed exposure time is very pessimistic. Exposure for 200 h in a much more confined space of 300 m would lead to exactly the same predicted effective dose. For incidental exposure out of doors for persons in the vicinity of a leaking Type B package, the maximum inhalation dose would be very much lower. 

Accidents of the severity simulated in the Type B tests specified in the Regulations are unlikely to occur in a confined space indoors, or if they did the resulting conditions would be such as to necessitate immediate evacuation of all persons in the vicinity [1.2]. Hence the exposure scenario of interest in this context is that of an accident occurring out of doors. In this situation the radiological implications of the maximum allowable release of Aj in a period of one week from a... 

Type B package may be expressed as an equivalent dose limit by consideration of the exposure to a person remaining continuously downwind of the damaged package throughout the period of the release [1.34],... 

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