Tumor immunotherapy

Antony PA, Restifo NP Do CD4+ CD25+ immunoregulatory T cells hinder tumor immunotherapy. J Immunother 2002 25 202-206. 

The mode of association of peptides to liposome carriers might also be critical to induce a preferential immune response either humoral or cell mediated. For example, using a human mucin MUCl 20-mer peptide, it was found that only the physical association of the peptide to liposomes (either encapsulated or surface exposed after anchoring) was necessary to observe a cell-mediated response (34). In line with this observation, it was recently shown that a soluble peptide, representing a Melan-A/MART-1 tumor-associated antigen, when encapsulated into sterically stabilized liposomes, was able to stimulate a CTL response and this construct represented a suitable formulation for a specific tumor immunotherapy (69). In contrast, and in agreement with other studies (16), only the liposome surface exposed... 

Ochoa, J. B., Curti, B., Peitzman, A. B., Simmons, R. L., Billiar, T. R., Hoffman, R., Rault, R., Longo, D. L., Urba, W. J., and Ochoa, A. C. (1992). Increased circulation nitrogen oxides after human tumor immunotherapy Correlation with toxic hemodynamic changes. J. Nad. Cancer Inst. 84, 864-867. 

Eades-Perner AM, Zimmermann W. Carcinoembryonic antigen-transgenic mice a model for tumor immunotherapy. Tumour Biol 1995 16 56-61. 

Gilboa E. The risk of autoimmunity associated with tumor immunotherapy. Nat Immunol 2001 2 789-792. 

The use of biodegradable polymeric systems for tumor immunotherapy has received limited study as compared with more conventional cell-based approaches.However, the advantage for tumor immunotherapy lies in the diversity of materials already generated from years of research in the suture industry and more recently from the area of controlled drug release. 

Compte M, Cuesta A M, Sanchez-Martin D, Alonso-Camino V, Vicario J L, Sanz L and Alvarez-Vallina L (2009), Tumor immunotherapy using gene-modified human mesenchymal stem cells loaded into synthetic extracellular matrix scaffolds . Stem Cells, 27, 753-60. 

After the cancer history with BCG and interferon, all other tumor immunotherapy measures emerged outside the MDACCC. It was combination chemotherapy that continued to receive a disproportionately overwhelming support at the DDT of MDACC and elsewhere. Discoveries made outside the MDACCC (doxorubicin cytosine arabinoside, or cytarabine) received prompt supportive funds to be tested in clinical trials at the DDT of MDACCC, while support for tumor immunotherapy was left way behind. Early efforts at it failed to receive any support from the NCI/NIH at the DM through the entire 1970s. Cancer chemotherapy proved itself to be a remission-inducer modality of treatment, and thus it was supported in full. The pharmaceutical industry started to pay consultation fees to academic physician principal investigators of chemotherapy protocols at academic institutions. Emil Frei HI, the head of the DDT, published in Cancer Research in 1985 his famous paper Curative cancer chemotherapy , appearing after he left M.D. Anderson for Dana-Farber [2287]. 

In summary, tumor immunotherapy with neuraminidase-treated cells could improve medical treatment of cancer, if the following presuppositions are fulfilled (a) Low tumor burden or the tumor load has to be reduced by surgery, chemotherapy or irradiation, (b) a still immune-competent organism and (c) optimized doses of tumor cells and VCN, because—as Wilson (1974) has put it the greatest danger for clinical application of immunotherapy is the risk of stimulating tumor growth in a patient with only minimal residual disease . 

However, the major observed effects of NO during anti-tumor immunotherapy tend to be suppressive. In our earlier studies we showed that the systemic immunosuppression induced by large tumor burdens in tumor-bearing hosts was mediated by NO production (Hegardt et al. 2000, 2001). 

Shimizu, T., Kishida, T., Hasegawa, U., Ueda, Y, Imanishi, J., et al. 2008. Nanogel DDS enables sustained release of IL-12 for tumor immunotherapy. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 367 330-335. 

Simmons, R. L., and Rios, A., 1971, Combined use of BCG and neuraminidase in experimental tumor immunotherapy, Surg. Forum 22 113-114. 

A major difficulty with tumor immunotherapy is the meager quantity of MAb that localizes to a tumor—typically <0.01% of the injected dose per gram of tumor—combined with the often heterogeneous distribution of MAb within the... 

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