Transforming Experience

In your opinion, who is responsible for health and safety at South-mountain Number Three Mine  

I d like to say, I ve run this through my mind. A lot of them people were my friends. I don t know.  

In January, 1993, MSHA conducted 31 interviews to determine the cause or causes of the Southmountain disaster in Norton, Virginia. All interviews 

For writers, the MSHA interviews provide a glimpse of the rhetorical strategies that investigators employ as they attempt to capture miners embodied experience in the written record. In these interviews, we hear the voices of miners as they describe their experience of risk, and we see MSHA investigators as they attempt to make sense of these voices for the official record. The Southmountain interviews thus provide a complicated study in risk assessment at the moment when embodied knowledge moves into the realm of. science. 

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Greatly enhanced sensitivity with very short measuring time is the major advantage of PFT (pulse Fourier transform) experiments. In the CW (continuous wave) experiment, the radiofrequency sweep excites nuclei of different Larmor frequencies, one by one. For example, 500 s may be required for excitation over a 1-KHz range, while in a PFT experiment a single pulse can simultaneously excite the nuclei over 1-KHz range in only 250 jits. The PFT experiment therefore requires much less time than the CW NMR experiment, due to the short time required for acquisition of FID signals. Short-lived unstable molecules can only be studied by PFT NMR. 

Figure 3.20 The ideal Fourier transform experiment. (Adapted with permission of Nelson Thornes Ltd. from Figure 5.12 of Akitt, J. W. NMR and Chemistry, 3rd ed., 1992.)...

Smith and Rosazza have suggested that microbial transformation experiments could best be carried out by using a series of perhaps 10 metabolitically prodigious microorganisms as microbial models. Microorganisms for such work may be selected on the basis of considerable literature precedence for their abilities to catalyze the desired biotransformation reaction (i.e., O-dealkylation, N-dealkylation, aromatic hydroxylation, and reductions). The alkaloid substrate... 

The next day was March 13. The camp in the forest, the hallowed-seeming spot where the transforming experiment had occurred, was dismantled. All the artifacts that set it apart from dozens of other Witoto huts were tucked away, and it was returned to its native anonymity. Outside, in a pile, we left quite a cargo trove behind us, for our forced evacuation by airplane left precious little room for any gear some insect and plant specimens would leave with us, the cameras, the notebooks on the experiment—that was it. The things that we left would be swiftly assimilated by the tolerant Witotos who owned the site of our attempted probe of hyper-space. 

Designations such as upfield/highfiekT or "downfield/lowfield" are meaningless in a pulse Fourier transform experiment, because, in contrast to the older Continuous Wave ( Sweep-") technique all nuclei experience exactly the same pulse frequency, i.e., the same excitation field. Thus, it is better to say that a nucleus is shielded or deshielded, respectively, and that a signal is shifted to lower or higher frequency, respectively487. Since, however, the term .vyu-upheld rule is well established in the literature, it is used in this section. 

To develop as a manager you have to attend to both the personal and professional sides - who you are as well as what you know and can do. Peter Drucker has observed that development is always self-development (1989 184). An educational course in, say, marketing, finance, personnel, operations scheduling, quality management, economics, business policy or business ethics will develop you personally as well as intellectually. New understanding is a transforming experience. 

Gart J.J., DiPaolo, J.A., and Donovan, P.J. (1979). Mathematical modds and the statistical analyses of cell transformation experiments, Cancer Res. 39,6069. 

The successful transfer of recombinant DNA into plants was vividly illustrated by an experiment in which the luciferase gene from fireflies was introduced into the cells of a tobacco plant (Fig. 9-29)—a favorite plant for transformation experiments because its cells are particularly easy to transform with Agrobacterium. The potential of this technology is not limited to the production of glow-in-the-dark plants, of course. The same approach has been used to produce crop plants that are resistant to herbicides, plant viruses, and insect pests (Fig. 9-30). Potential benefits include increased yields and less need for environmentally harmful agricultural chemicals. 

In vivo and in vitro evidence that DNA causes transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, (a) Transformation experiment by Griffith. R bacteria are nonvirulent. S bacteria are virulent. A mixture of R bacteria and heat-killed S bacteria is also virulent if transformation has occurred. (b) Transformation experiment by Avery and coworkers. When bacteria from a liquid culture are spread on a semisolid medium, each cell adheres to the medium at random. As... 

For transformation experiments in general, biochemical or physical methods such as microinjection, electroporation or lipofection are available. These methods have been successfully applied for a variety of organisms including protozoan parasites (Clayton, 1999 De Koning-Ward et al., 2000) and were consequently tested for their ability to generate transiently transformed schistosomes by different laboratories. 

When we started to elaborate the particle bombardment technique for S. mansoni, two questions were asked. First, is it generally possible to use the biolistic approach to genetically modify schistosomes Second, if yes, does the method allow the generation of reliable and reproducible results To approach these questions, we first designed test vectors for transformation experiments. These vectors... 

Due to the auto-fluorescence of mature females, other reporter genes should be envisaged for transformation experiments in this gender such as luciferase whose applicability for schistosomes had already been demonstrated... 

Each transformation experiment should be accompanied by at least one control from a ligation mixture containing the vector DNA only. When starting with a fresh batch of vector it is also recommended that control plates are set up using the non-linearized vector and the linearized vector before ligation. 

Transforming experiences interested Naranjo when he gave out harmaline. More than other psychedelics, he found this one to be nonverbal, with mechanisms of psycho-interaction much less clear. Yet—... 

Analysis of the transformation performed in this experiment requires agar plating to determine the number of transformed cells (Trp+ cells) in each of the six tubes of the experiment. The Petri plates used in this determination obviously do not contain tryptophan in the growth medium. In a separate experiment, you will determine the total number of cells (Trp+ plus Trp- cells) in the transformation mixture by plating a diluted sample of known volume and known dilution on a Petri plate in which the agar growth medium does contain tryptophan. The number of transformants (Trp+) cells divided by the total number of cells (Trp+ plus Trp-) is the efficiency of that transformation experiment. 

As mentioned above, modem detectors are usually not the noise-determining part of the experiment. It should be possible to set up any Fourier transform experiment in the IR such that it is limited by the background photon flux or photon noise. 

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