Toxin genes

Priest, F. G. Ebdrup, L. Zahner, V. Carter, P. E. Distribution and characterization of mosquitocidal toxin genes in some strains of Bacillus sphaericus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1997,63,1195-1198. 

Inserting toxin genes in tumour cells in order to promote tumour cell destruction Inserting suicide genes into tumour cells... 

McGrath, S., Dolley, J.S.G. and Haylock, R.W., Quantification of Clostridium botulinum toxin gene expression by competitive reverse transcription PCR, Appl. Env. Microbiol., 66, 1423-1428, 2000. 

McLauchlin, J., Narayanan, G.L., Mithani, V. and O Neill, G., The detection of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction, J. Food Prot., 63, 479-88, 2000. 

Martin, V., Cortes, M.L., de Fehpe, P., Farsetti, A., Calcaterra, N.B. and Izquierdo, M. (2000) Cancer gene therapy by thyroid hormone-mediated expression of toxin genes. Cancer Res., 60, 3218-3224. 

Milk produced by cows fed on corn that contains the Bt toxin gene... 

Drago J, Padungchaichot P, Wong JY, Lawrence AJ, McManus JF, Sumarsono SH, Natoli AL, Lakso M, Wreford N, Westphal H, Kola I, Finkelstein DI (1998b) Targeted expression of a toxin gene to D1 dopamine receptor neurons by cre-mediated site-specific recombination. J Neurosci 75 9845-9857. 

The next issue to confront is the question of the source of genes. One potentially useful gene is the Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) protein toxin gene. This protein is not toxic to mammals, but it is toxic to lepidopterous insects at nanogram levels (7). 

Figure 20. Schematic diagram of the isolation of the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene.

Sirard, J.C., Mock, M., Fouet, A. (1994). The three Bacillus anthracis toxin genes are coordinately regulated by carbonate and temperature. J. Bacterial. 176 5188-92. 

Hopkins KL, Hilton AC (2000) Simultaneous molecular subtyping and shiga toxin gene detection in Escherichia coli using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Lett Appl Microbiol 30 122-125... 

Arico B, Rappuoli R (1987) Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica contain transcriptionnally silent pertussis toxin genes. In J. Bacterial. 169 2847-2853. 

Locht C, Barstad PA, Coligan JE, etal. (1986) Molecular cloning of pertussis toxin genes. In Nucl. Acids Res. 14 3251—3261. 

Locht C, Keith JM (1986) Pertussis toxin gene nucleotide sequence and genetic organization. In Science 232 1258—1264. 

Marchitto KS, Smith SG, Locht C, et al. (1987) Nucleotide sequence homology to pertussis toxin gene in B. bronchiseptica and 6. parapertussis. In Infect. Immun. 55 497-501. 

Nicosia A, Perugini M, Franzini C, etal. (1986) Cloning and sequencing of the pertussis toxin gene operon structure and gene duplication. In Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 4631 -4635. 

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