Toxicity high-content

Vegetables also contain carboxylic acids that contribute to their flavors. One example is oxalic acid, prevalent in spinach and rhubarb. Raw rhubarb leaves are mildly poisonous, and folklore holds that the toxic substance is oxalic acid. However, raw spinach can be eaten safely despite its equally high content of this acid. 

The metals sulfides are the most dangerous since after aerobic weathering they are transformed into water-soluble sulfates of different metals. Accordingly, in the areas of non-ferrous and rare metal ore exploration and treatments, the acid sulfate landscapes are formed with high content of toxic metals. The biogeochemical technogenic provinces are known, for instance, copper-nickel provinces in the Kola Peninsula, Fennoscandia molybdenum provinces in the Caucasian region, copper and chromium-nickel ones in the South Ural, poly-metal ones, in the Pacific coast of eastern Eurasia (Russia, China, and Korea), etc. 

Diaz, D. and O Brien, P.J. (2006) Defining the sequence of events in cerivastatin toxicity using a high-content multi-parametric cytotoxicity assay. European Biopharmaceutical Review,... 

Abraham, V.C., Towne, D.L., Waring, J.F., Warrior, U. and Burns, D.J. (2008) Application of a high-content multiparameter cytotoxidty assay to prioritize compounds based on toxicity potential in humans. Journal of Biomolecular Screening, 13, 527-537. 

O Brien, P.J. (2008) Chapter 13 High content analysis of sublethal cytotoxicity in human HepG2 hepatocytes for assessing potential and mechanism for chemical and drug-induced human toxicity, in High Content Screening Science, Techniques and Applications (ed. S.A. Haney), John Wiley Sons, Hoboken, NJ,... 

In relation with Crotalaria spp. secondary metabolites, it is well known that these plants produce pyrrolizidine alkaloids and monocrotaline which have high vertebrate toxicity and could potentially be toxic to nematodes but it is possible also that the low C/N ratio of Crotalaria may also contribute to its allelopathic effect against nematodes. Materials with very low C/N or high content of ammonia will either result in plasmolysis of nematodes, or proliferation of nematophagous fungi due to the release of NH4+-N (Rich and Rahi, 1995). 

Chemical analyses revealed a high content of organic compounds (mainly PAHs), which were probably responsible for the observed toxic effect... 

There are several factors however which are related to water acidity (low Ca" ", high content of heavy metals and aluminium) and other abiotic factors (temperature, transparency) which mask or enhance the pH effect. It now seems proven that aluminium is a real toxic agent in lakewater in acidified catchments, this metal being leached in high amounts from soils under acidification. Aluminium buffer system replaces the normal bicarbonate buffer system when lakes are acidified and A1 concentrations... 

Health problems caused by coal combustion are due to either the use of poor quality coal (high ash, high sulfur, or high content of toxic trace elements) or to the improper use of coal. When poor quality coal is used improperly, health problems due to coal burning can be widespread... 

Heavy metais constitute part of these toxic substances and may be derived from particular industrial processes or from wastewater treatment processes. Therefore, the re-employment of sludges with high content of heavy metals in agriculture as fertilizers involves strong risks for human health because of their entry into the food chain and subsequent accumulation in soils or plants and also because of possible pollution of ground and/or superficial waters (4), to which pollutants contained in rainwater may also contribute (5). 

---