Tobacco mosaic virus infection

Choi YH, Kim HK, Linhorst HJ, Hollander JG, Lefeber AW, Erkelens C, NuziUard JM, Verpoorte R NMR metabolomics to revisit the tobacco mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana tabacum 58. leaves. J. Nat. Prod. 2006 69 742-748. 

Taylor S, Massiah A, Lomonossoff G et al. (1994). Correlation between the activities of five ribosomeinactivating proteins in depurination of tobacco ribosomes and inhibition of tobacco mosaic virus infection. Plant J, 5, 827-835. 

Although relatively little work has been done on natural antivirals against plant viruses, several reports concerning antiviral activity against plant virus infection have been recorded for example, yeast mannans with antiviral activity against the tobacco mosaic virus infection in tobacco plants [136], and lichenan PS from Iceland moss which exhibited antiviral activity against the potato viruses [8],... 

Shimoura, T. and T. Hirai Amounts of lipids in tobacco leaves and the turnover in the course of tobacco mosaic virus infection Phytopath. Z. 48 (1963) 421 33. 

Seo S, Seto H, Koshino H, Yoshida S, Ohashi Y (2003) A diterpene as an endogenous signal for the activation of defense responses to tobacco mosaic virus infection and wounding in tobacco. Plant Cell 15 863... 

Yamakawa H, Kamada H, Satoh M, Ohashi Y (1998) Spermine is a saUcylate-independent endogenous inducer for both tobacco acidic pathogenesis-related proteins and resistance against tobacco mosaic virus infection. Plant Physiol 118 1213-1222... 

Nucleoproteins Tobacco mosaic virus infected 95 5 RNA 0.725 0.728(2) 37B1,44L1,49S1, -0.4... 

Extracts from 152 plant species, representing 46 different families, were screened for effects on tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) replication in cucumber cotyledons. Twenty species have shown enough activity to warrant further study. Several members of the Caprifoliaceae family increased virus replication. An extract of Lonicera involucrata enlarged the virus lesions in local lesion hosts and produced a thirty fold increase in virus titer, but had no effect on virus replication in systemic hosts. The active material appears to affect the virus defense mechanism of local lesion hosts. An extract of common geranium is an active virus inhibitor. It inactivates TMV and TMV-RNA (ribonucleic acid) in vitro by forming non-infectious complexes. In vivo, it also inhibited starch lesion formation in cucumber cotyledons incited by TMV infection. 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa membrane protein F Epitope display on tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco leaf Elicited specific antibodies against 7 immuno-type strains. Immunogenic in mice when delivered parenterally. Mice protected when challenged with model chronic pulmonary infection with P. aeruginosa. 20... 

Tobacco mosaic virus More infections on pinto bean 0.30 ppm 6 h 39... 

The tobacco mosaic virus (center right), a plant pathogen, has a structure similar to that of MB, but contains ssRNA instead of DNA. The poliovirus, which causes poliomyelitis, is also an RNA virus. In the influenza virus, the pathogen that causes viral flu, the nucleocapsid is additionally surrounded by a coat derived from the plasma membrane of the host cell (C). The coat carries viral proteins that are involved in the infection process. 

Legrand, M., B. Fritig, and L. Hirth. Metabolism of phenylpropanoids in the leaf veins of healthy hypersensitive tobacco or tobacco infected by tobacco mosaic virus. C R Acad Sci Ser D 1974 279 1043. 

Another complex macromolecular aggregate that can reassemble from its components is the bacterial ribosome. These ribosomes are composed of 55 different proteins and by 3 different RNA molecules, and if the individual components are incubated under appropriate conditions in a test tube, they spontaneously form the original structure (Alberts et al., 1989). It is also known that even certain viruses, e.g., tobacco mosaic virus, can reassemble from the components this virus consists of a single RNA molecule contained in a protein coat composed by an array of identical protein subunits. Infective virus particles can self-assemble in a test tube from the purified components. 

Certain viruses, notably tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), can also self-assemble. A TMV particle can be dissociated into its component proteins and RNA and then reassembled into infective virus particles on mixing the components together again. 

Genes in all cellular organisms are made of DNA. The same is true for some viruses, but for others the genetic material is RNA. Viruses are genetic elements enclosed in protein coats that can move from one cell to another but are not capable of independent growth. One well-studied example of an RNA virus is the tobacco mosaic virus, which infects the leaves of tobacco plants. This virus consists of a single strand of RNA (6930 nucleotides) surrounded by a protein coat of 2130 identical subunits. An RNA-directed RNA polymerase catalyzes the replication of this viral RNA. 

Bawden, F. C., and Pirie, N. W. The isolation and some properties of liquid crystalline substances from solanaceous plants infected with three strains of tobacco mosaic virus. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) B123, 274-320 (1937). 

Even you can unknowingly spread viral diseases to your plants. Smokers are likely to pick up tobacco mosaic virus on their fingers, and from there, transmit it to other susceptible plants. The virus can infect hundreds of different plants, including tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, petunias, apples, and grapes, and can survive for decades in dried tobacco leaves. 

Remember that humans also can be vectors of disease. You can carry crown gall from an infected plant to a healthy plant on a shovel you use for planting, or fire blight from one branch to the next on infected pruning shears. Your tomato plants could become infected with tobacco mosaic virus if you handle the plants after touching cigarettes or other tobacco products infected with tobacco mosaic virus. 

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