Thin films self-assembled

Ulman A (ed) (1998) Thin films self-assembled monolayers of thiols. Academic, San Diego... 

G.-y. Ldu and S. Xu, Cruchon-Dupeyrat, S. Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiols, in Thin Films Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiols., A. Ulman (ed.). Academic Press New York, 1998,... 

The inherent ability of block copolymers to self-assemble into various well-ordered supramolecular structures makes them attractive for numerous technological applications. For instance, thin films self-assembled from block copolymers have been used as building blocks in nanotechnology and materials science [89-91 ]. Block copolymers have been employed directly without further manipulation as nanomaterials [92], or used as self-organized templates for the creation of nanos-tructured materials [92, 93]. Block copolymer blends demonstrated their applicability as patterning templates for the fabrication of well-ordered arrays [94], as well as for nanoscale manufacturing of more complex patterns [95]. The use of amphiphilic block copolymers for templating applications has been reviewed by FOrster [96]. 

Facchetti, A., et al.. Design and preparation of zwitterionic organic thin films self-assembled sUoxane-based, thiophene-spaced A-benzylpyridinium dicyanomethanides as nonlinear optical materials. Langmuir, 2001. 17(19) p. 5939-5942. HiUebrandt, H., et al.. High electric resistance polymer/lipid composite films on indium-tin-oxide electrodes. Langmuir, 1999. 15(24) p. 8451-8459. 

Figure 14.9 Schematic view of the LISA process, (a) Thin layer of polymer spin-coated on a flat silicon wafer, (b] Mask of protruding patterns separated by the polymer film using a spacer, (c) During the heat cooling cycle the polymer film self-assembles into a periodic supramolecular pillar array. [Images taken from Ref. 67.) Abbreviation LISA, lithographically induced self-assembly.

The overwhelming majority of AEM studies on organic surfaces has concerned organic thin films on inorganic snbstrates and, in particvilar, those deposited via Langmnir-Blodgett or self-assembly processes [35]. These films... 

Monolayers of alkyl chains on siUcon are a significant addition to the family of SAMs. An abiUty to directly connect organic materials to siUcon allows a direct coupling between organic materials and semiconductors. The fine control of supedattice stmctures provided by the self-assembly technique offers a route for building organic thin films with, for example, electrooptic properties on siUcon. 

It will be clear that L-B films are intrinsically linked to self-assembly of molecules, and this has been recognised in the title of a recent overview book (Ulman 1991), An Introduction to Ultra thin Organic Films from Langnmir-Blodgett to Self-Assembly An Overview. 

Israelachvili and coworkers [64,69], Tirrell and coworkers [61-63,70], and other researchers employed the SFA to measure molecular level adhesion and deformation of self-assembled monolayers and polymers. The pull-off force (FJ, and the contact radius (a versus P) are measured. The contact radius, the local radius of curvature, and the distance between the surfaces are measured using the optical interferometer in the SFA. The primary advantage of using the SFA is its ability to study the interfacial adhesion between thin films of relatively high... 

Lee, I. and Wool, R.P., Controlling amine receptor group density on aluminum oxide surfaces by mixed silane self-assembly. J. Thin Solid Films, 379, 94 (2000). 

Recently an alternative approach for the description of the structure in systems with self-assembling molecules has been proposed in Ref. 68. In this approach no particular assumption about the nature of the internal interfaces or their bicontinuity is necessary. Therefore, within the same formahsm, localized, well-defined thin films and diffuse interfaces can be described both in the ordered phases and in the microemulsion. This method is based on the vector field describing the orientational ordering of surfactant, u, or rather on its curlless part s defined in Eq. (55). 

Shaikh AV, Rajaram SM, Pathan HM, Min BK, Joo OS, Han SH (2008) CdSe thin film growth Primarily amorphous nanograins to self-assembled nanowires. J Electroanal Chem 615 175-179... 

Toyoda T, Kobayashi J, Shen Q (2008) Correlation between crystal growth and photosensitization of nanostructured HO2 electrodes using supporting H substrates by self-assembled CdSe quantum dots. Thin SoUd Films 516 2426-2431... 

Joo, S.-W. (2006) Characterization of self-assembled phenyl and benzylisothiocyanate thin films on Au surfaces. Surface and Interface Analysis, 38, 173-177. 

Blockcopolymer microphase separation [9] Depending on the length of chemically different blocks of monomers in a block copolymer, ordered nanostructures can be obtained in bulk samples and thin films. The film morphology can differ significantly from the bulk morphology, but because the structure is determined by the pair-pair interaction of monomers and/or an interface, and it is a thermodynamically stable structure, it is classified as self-assembly. 

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