Textile waste management

Reducing, recycling, reusing and textile waste management... 

A.G. Vlyssides, D. Papaioannou, M. Loizidoy, P.K. Karlis and A. A. Zorpas, Testing an electrochemical method for treatment of textile dye wastewater. Waste Manag., 20 (2000) 569-574. 

In the past twenty years many legal provisions have been created to regulate substance flows (recycling management systems, waste management, electrical and automotive recycling). In many instances these laws exphcitly contain threshold values for certain substances or even ban certain substances. They are thus very effective on the use of these substances in production processes. This is also tme for threshold values of chlorinated compounds in industrial waste, the ban on certain heavy metals in the automotive industry and substance-related requirements for waste water from the textile industry (Annexe 38 of Waste Water Ordinance ). 

The commercial availability of enzymes or whole cell biocatalysts for a desired biotransformation is freqnently a limiting factor for commercial application of biocatalysts. Enzymes that are cheaply available are typically used in detergents, processing of food, feed and textiles, as well as in waste management applications. Most of these are hydrolytic enzymes, bnt also isomerases (e.g. glucose isomerase) and oxidorednctases are used on indnstrial scale (Table 5.1). 

Montoneri E, Boffa V, Savarino P, Tambone F, Adani F, Micheletti L, Gianotti C, Chiono R (2009). Use of biosurfactants from urban wastes compost in textile dyeing and soil remediation. Waste Management 29(l) 383-389. 

Sohd waste management — dealing with the piled-up textile waste in landfills. 

With respect to sustainability and waste management, the implementation of human-made, biodegradable polymers in textile coating is also examined. Palanikkumaran et al. (2008) developed waterproof breathable coatings based on polyvinyl alcohol for cotton fabrics. 

Another future trend is the idea of chemical leasing (www.chemicaUeasing.com), a novel business model of sustainable management of chemicals, in which the responsibility of the producer increases as the producer no longer just sells the chemical but remains the owner of the chemical. As such the producer assists in textile processing and is responsible for the waste management of the used chemicals. This model is intended to promote more successful chemical management. 

Lejeune, T. H. 1993. Future issues in solid waste management. In Proceedings of the Conference for Executives and Managers on Environmental Issues Affecting the Textile Industry, Charlotte, NC (June 14-15). North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC. 

Bernhard, L.(1996), Amoco Fabrics Europe, Gronau/Germany, Mineral filled geotextiles, The Ultimate Protection System for Geosynthetic Liners in Safe Waste Management, World Textile Congress on Polypropylene in Textiles, University of Huddersfield, UK, July 1996. 

The textile recycling industry has a myriad of players that includes consumers, policy makers, solid-waste managers, not-for-profit agencies, and for-profit retail businesses (Hawley, 2000). Textile sorting companies, known as rag graders , acquire, sort, process, export, and market pre- and post-consumer textile products for various markets. The primary focus in this chapter is on post-consumer apparel... 

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