Strip test

Wang, J. Macca, C. Use of Blood-Glucose Test Strips for Introducing Enzyme Electrodes and Modern Biosensors, ... 

Shale oil asphalt also meets or exceeds the performance of the improved, but more costiy, polymer-based asphalt. Since 1989, more than 8 km (5 mi) of test strips of SOMAT have been placed on various roadways in seven U.S. states. The SOMAT has demonstrated marked improvement over... 

The paper. strips used in the colorimetric method are impregnated with such dyes that the color of the test paper is dependent upon the pH of the medium in which the paper is placed. A standard color chart is supplied for comparison with the test strip. Test papers are available in a wide range type, which permits estimating pH to 0.5 units, and in narrow range papers, with which the pH can be estimated to 0.2 units. 

Odor. Det odor in accordance with ASTM D1296. In this test strips of filter paper are dipped into specimen and reference standards, and odor comparisons are made of characteristic odor when the strips are wet, and residual odor remaining after the strips appear dry. If an odor persists on the sample paper after the point in time when no odor is detectable on the standard paper, the odor is reported as residual ... 

In cases where a lot of proplnt has successfully passed the one-year exposure to methyl violet paper, only a 3% inspection of the exposed test strips need to be made thereafter until such inspection indicates progressive deterioration of the proplnt or other nonstandard condition, at which time 100% inspection and test of the lot under suspicion will be resumed It is considered desirable that succeeding annual inspections include at least 1/3 of the containers included in the original 3% inspection as outlined above. In this manner, such containers may be considered as a basic comparative control with reference to the balance of the lot under test... 

Place tiie test strip in a gluco meter tiiat automatically uses the sample to determine a numerical reading representing the current blood glucose level. 

Peel Strength. Samples were prepared by cutting 2.5" (63.5 mm) wide radial sections, bead to bead. The sample was then sectioned into two 1.25" (31.75 mm) radial strips, which were each cut circumferentially at the centerline of the tread resulting in four test specimens (2-SS and 2-OSS). Each sample was cut with a razor knife for a length of 1" (25.4 mm) from the skim end of the test strip, midway between the belts, to facilitate gripping the ends in the T-2000 stress-strain tester jaws. The sides of each specimen were scored midway between the belts, to a depth of 1/8" (3.175 mm) radially from the end of the gripping surface to the end of belt 2 in the shoulder area, providing a 1" wide peel section. The peel test was performed at 2"/min (50.8 mm/min) at 24°C. 

Test strip and immunoflltration devices were developed by Ostermaier et al to detect sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxypyridazine in milk. Direct competitive immunoassay was utilized with sulfonamide-horseradish peroxidase as the detector. The LOD for sulfamethazine for both the dipstick and immunoflltration was 10 pg kg for sulfadiazine, the LOD was 12 pg kg for the dipstick and 30 pg kg for immunoflltration. For sulfamethoxypyridazine, the LOD was 10 pgkg for the dipstick and 20 pgkg for immunoflltration. The devices were found to be suitable for on-site use with undiluted milk. 

Levels of a number of metabolites as well as a number of enzymes in body fluids are indicative of disease conditions. Many of the enzymatic reactions mentioned above have been used in solution clinical assays as well as in test strips.446,497-508 512-515 Assays for hydrogen peroxide and the enzyme peroxidase using NADH and a tetrazolium salt have been de-scribed.509,5io Assays of exogenous substances (e.g., drugs or their metabolites) also utilize this chemistry. The determination of alcohol using alcohol dehydrogenase is an example.511 As mentioned above, the assay of enzyme levels can also be achieved using tetrazolium salts.516-520... 

Diabetic acidosis can develop in a matter of hours. Therefore, under certain circumstances, doctors may ask a diabetic patient to test for ketones at home using special test strips that can detect ketones in urine. For example, doctors recommend that diabetic patients test their urine every 4 to 6 hours if their blood sugar levels are very high. Patients should also test for ketones if they are sick with a cold or the flu, or if they experience any of the symptoms of acidosis. These symptoms include a very dry mouth, frequent urination, shortness of breath, and fruity smelling breath. Diabetic acidosis can be life-threatening, leading to a diabetic coma or death. It needs immediate medical care. Diabetic acidosis is also called ketoacidosis. 

Diabetic Rats-Phase I. Laboratory rats (CD strain, 250-300g, male) were made diabetic by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ), 50 mg/kg, into the tail vein. Nondiabetic controls received an equal volume of citrate buffer. Twenty-four hours after the STZ injection, each rat was individually housed for urine collection. The appearance of glucose in the urine (Ames test strips) and a predictable weight loss or depression of the growth curve were taken as confirming evidence of diabetes. 

Persson, K. B. (1997), Soil phosphate analysis A new technique for measurement in the field using a test strip, Archaeometry 39, 441-443. 

Peroxide test strips may not be sufficiently reliable as the sole means of testing for presence of peroxides in a wide range of susceptible liquids. 

A sample of the readily peroxidisable allyl ether, tested with a peroxide test strip gave a negative test result, so was charged into a distillation apparatus, but there was a detonation during distillation. It was recommended that an additional test (potassium iodide-acetic acid) should be used unless it is certain that the test strips will give a positive result with a particular peroxide-containing liquid. 

Most probably, the first - but non-fiberoptic - sensors for continuous use where those for pH and for oxygen. It has been known for decades that cellulosic paper can be soaked with pH indicator dyes to give pH indicator strips which, however, leached and thus were of the "single-use" type. The respective research and development is not easily traced back since it is not well documented in the public literature. However, in the 1970s, indicator strips became available where they pH indicator dye was covalently linked to the cellulose matrix, usually via vinylsulfonyl groups. These "nonbleeding" test strips allowed a distinctly improved and continuous pH measurement, initially by visual inspection. In the late 1980 s instruments were made available that enabled the color (more precisely the reflectance) of such sensor strips to be quantified and related to pH. Respective instruments are based on the use of LEDs and are small enough to be useful for field tests in that they can be even hand-held. This simple and low cost detection system is still superior to many of the complicated, if not expensive optical pH sensors that have been described in the past 20 years. 

As stated above, the beginning of optical pH sensor technology remains hidden. What is nowadays refered to as a sensor layer was formerly mostly refered to as a test strip, a dry reagent chemistry, or an immobilized reagent. 

Deposition of sensor layers is possible on fibre Flow-through cell allowing the optics, planar waveguides, and test strips simultaneous exposure of the membrane to... 

Dyed particles also are commonly used in diagnostic lateral flow tests (like the common home pregnancy test), as the colors can be seen with the eye without the need for special detectors. In this type of assay, antibodies or antigens are coupled to the dyed particles and a sample solution applied to the test strip carries them along within a membrane. The particles then are captured at points in the membrane that represent either a control or a positive sample result. Large numbers of color particles docking at these points within the membrane create the visual lines associated with these disposable tests. 

The reduction in stress which takes place in a test strip of rubber held at constant elongation. Stress relaxation measurements are used in the study of the ageing of rubber vulcanisates, the degradation of the network structure resulting in a reduction of the tension. 

Selecting an approach To check for chlorine in the river water, there are many potential techniques. The simplest one would be a total chlorine test strip, in which the chlorine in the water reacts with chemicals on the paper to change the color. 

Implementation On his next sampling trip on the river, Joe uses the chlorine test strips to check the water. 

Figure 7.9 Light photomacrograph of fracture line of a 15 mm wide tensile test strip of copier paper (60% hardwood, 40% softwood). Scale bar= 2 mm.

Colored household items made of plastics and other polymers [21] are tested similarly. The effect of food may be imitated by using coconut oil or peanut oil ( coconut oil test ). Strips of filter paper soaked with these materials typically remain in contact with the test sample for 5 hours at 50°C. 

---