Chlorine tests

Available Chlorine Test. The chlorine germicidal equivalent concentration test is a practical-type test. It is called a capacity test. Under practical conditions of use, a container of disinfectant might receive many soiled, contaminated instniments or other items to be disinfected. Eventually, the capacity of the disinfectant to serve its function would be overloaded due to reaction with the accumulated organic matter and organisms. The chlorine germicidal equivalent concentration test compares the load of a culture of bacteria that a concentration of a disinfectant will absorb and still kill bacteria, as compared to standard concentrations of sodium hypochlorite tested similarly. In the test, 10 successive additions of the test culture are added to each of 3 concentrations of the hypochlorite. One min after each addition a sample is transferred to the subculture medium and the next addition is made 1.5 min after the previous one. The disinfectant is then evaluated in a manner similar to the phenol coefficient test. For equivalence, the disinfectant must yield the same number of negative tubes as one of the chlorine standards. 

Selecting an approach To check for chlorine in the river water, there are many potential techniques. The simplest one would be a total chlorine test strip, in which the chlorine in the water reacts with chemicals on the paper to change the color. 

Implementation On his next sampling trip on the river, Joe uses the chlorine test strips to check the water. 

This table exhibits the quantity of gas afforded from a ton of each of the coals the specific gravity of the gas the amount of condensible matter by chlorine the durability of the gas when burned by a single jet with a five-inch flame the comparative value of the gas for affording light, as shown by the chlorine test, by the durability, and by these taken together, which,... 

In the course of the operation the pressure of both gases in the pipes must be closely observed. Should the pressure suddenly drop automatic valves will shut off the hydrogen and chlorine inlets and automatically introduce inert gas into the whole system. Leaving gases are subjected to a chlorine test with an aqueous solution of methylorange. Any decoloration of the methylorange is a sign of the presence of excessive chlorine so that the amount of chlorine introduced into the furnace must be reduced. For a normal interruption of the... 

The amount of dosage specified is ordinarily determined from the residual in the ozonated water leaving the contact tanks. Residuals are determined by the standard o-tolidine arsenite test (1), as specified for free residual chlorine. Tests are made on the site, immediately on sampling, not after delay due to return to the laboratory. This is very important because of the rapid change in residual. 

Editor, 2002 Buyer s guide 2002-2003 chlorinators, chlorine compounds, chlorine testing equipment. Water Quality Products 7(3), 54-55 (2002). 

Army. 1977b. Mutagenicity of some munition wastewater chemicals and chlorine test reagents. Contract no. DAMD17-76-C-6013. Frederick, MD U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, (author Simmon VF etal.)... 

These polymers were then interfacially reacted with di- and trifunctional aromatic acyl halides to give polyamides. Because the only reactive amine groups in these polymers were of the secondary amine type, such polymers should be chlorine-resistant. Dynamic chlorine tests (5 ppm, pH 6.0 to 6.5, 0.5% NaCI, 600 psi, 25°C) of 40 to 80 hours duration appeared to uphold this inference. 

The tests of Fe-A110-Cr2 in chlorinating Cl2/02/Ar gas at 850 °C had to be finished after 140 hours because severe evaporation of aluminium chloride took place. The mass change was 1138g/m2 after 140 hours, the scale thickness was about 400pm (spalled material not included). After the chlorination test the scale consists of alternating layers of different corrosion products, as can be seen in Fig. 7. 

In both tests, the iodine is set free, for combined iodine has no action on starch. In the chlorine test, the superior affinity of chlorine seizes on the metal with which the iodine is united— thus KI + Cl = KCl + I. 

Test strips incorporate a solid reagent into a paper matrix. The reagents are activated by water contact. The resulting color intensity is compared to a chart to provide a level of total and free chlorine. Test strips are a preferred method for residential pools and spas and less technically sophisticated user because the color intensity is not dependent on water volume this is in contrast to liquid reagent tests that are volume dependent. Many test strips currently available also include tests for water balance parameters (pH, total alkalinity and total hardness). Test strips are commonly used for monitoring chemical levels in both pools and spas. It is important to keep the unused strips dry because they are sensitive to moisture. 

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