Teflon coated wires

The LCX is punctuated distal to the flow probe with a chrome-vanadium-steel electrode (3 mm length, 1 mm diameter). The electrode (anode) is placed in the vessel in contact with the intimal lining and connected over a Teflon coated wire to a 9 Volt battery, a potentiometer and an amperemeter. A disc electrode (cathode) is secured to a subcutaneous thoracal muscle layer to complete the electrical circuit. The intima is stimulated with 150 pA for 6 h. During this time, gradually an occluding thrombosis is formed. 

Deep water samples were collected directly from the ship, using a 20-30 1 sampling bottle (Teflon -coated and with pressurization capability, Go-Flo, General Oceanics, USA) which was immersed by means of a non-metallic (Kevlar) hydrowire. To sink the bottle a plastic covered ballast was used, attached to the wire at least 20 m below the bottle. 

Stabilization of BLMs at the surface of electrodes has been reported by a number of groups [28-30]. For example, the tip of a Teflon-coated platinum microelectrode was cut in situ with a scalpel while immersed in a lipid solution (lipid in a hydrocarbon solvent). Upon immersion of the wire into an aqueous solution of 0.1 M KCl, the phospholipid coating adhering to the metal surface spontaneously thinned to form a BLM directly adjacent to the electrode surface... 

Supported lipid bilayers or s-BLMs on a solid support can be formed by a number of methods including the consecutive two-step technique as follows Step (1) placing a Teflon-coated metal wire (e.g., Pt, Ag, Cu, Ni, and stainless steel or other alloys) to be cut in contact with a BLM-forming lipid solution and then cut with a sharp knife, and step... 

At the start, the capacitance fluctuates at random for a few seconds because the tip of the Teflon-coated metallic wire has just been cut off with a sharp blade while immersed in a lipid solution. 

Earlier, we described the effect of glucose and trehalose on the stability of s-BLMs formed on the freshly cut tip of Teflon-coated Ag wire [64]. Addition of saccharides to the electrolyte resulted in a decrease in the elasticity modulus of the s-BLM formed while the capacitance increased. In addition, the trehalose had a considerable stabilizing effect on the above parameters of the s-BLM. Treatment of the s-BLM in an electrolyte containing... 

Several research groups implemented carbohydrate analysis on-chip with direct detection of underivatized sugar molecules. Electrochemical detection is the most attractive approach, as it offers reasonable sensitivity and selectivity, and it is ideally suited for microchip format. Schwarz et al. [203] developed amperometric detection of sugars using microfabricated copper electrode. They separated fructose, sucrose, and galactose in 70 s on a glass chip with 50-p,m wide and 20-p,m deep microchannel and double tee injection geometry. The detection was based on Teflon-coated platinum wire plated with copper and inserted in the end of the separation channel etched in a conical shape. The detection limit down to 1 JtM was achieved. Hebert and coworkers [204] reported an... 

The development of microcatheters with 0.027 endholes (Renegade Hi-Flo, Boston Scientific, and Mass Transit, Cordis) enabled easier delivery of particulates for embolization of hepatocellular cancer and uterine fibroids. Unfortunately, the 0.016 pusher wires will become trapped between the 0.018 microcoil and the inner diameter of these larger lumen microcatheters. If coil delivery is desirable using a pusher wire, a Teflon coated standard 0.021 wire is utilized. Our preference though is to deliver... 

The catalytic oxidation of the carbohydrates in the presence of Cu(II) for the detection of sucrose, galactose, and fructose was exploited using a Teflon-coated platinum wire plated with copper as the working electrode. Therefore, the addition of copper ions in the run buffer increased the sensitivity to an order of magnitude compared to run buffer without copper. Detection limits were 1 pmol 1 ... 

The barrier is left a few centimeters away from the end of the trough. This operation is repeated with another barrier B from the other end of the trough. A third barrier C, also called a compression bar is then placed in position. It can be moved horizontally to decrease or increase the film covered area (Figure 7.14). The surface of the solution is separated into two parts by means of a teflon-coated aluminium or mica float, F. A torsion wire W, is connected to the float. The float also has two non-wettable ribbons T, and T connected to the sides of the trough. 

Polytetrafluoroethylene, more commonly known as the trademarked brand name Teflon, is formed from the addition polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene. Tetrafluoroethylene, shown in Figure 25.4(c), is an analogue of ethylene in which fluorine atoms have replaced all four of the hydrogen atoms. Teflon is a very good electrical insulator, so it is commonly used to coat wires. It is probably best known, though, as a nonstick substance used to coat bakeware, frying pans, and pots. It is also used in films that can be inserted into threaded joints between metal pipes to make it easier to unscrew the connection when necessary. Because Teflon is chemically inert, it is not possible to cross-link the chains like an elastomer. The structures of some addition polymers, including the structures of their respective monomers and what they are typically used for, are summarized in Table 25.1. 

For the reference electrode of a three-electrode electrochemical cell, the end tip of the Teflon coated copper wire was removed. Lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti50i2, Altair) was coated on the bare copper [36, 37]. The reference electrode was located between two separators, as shown in Figure 8(b). Before conducting the electrochemical tests, the state of charge of the lithium titanium oxide was set to 50%, and in this state its potential was approximately 1.57 V (vs. All of the cells were assembled in a glove box (MBraun,... 

A microelectrode was made of a Teflon-coated platinum wire having a diameter of 50 pm. The microelectrode was installed with a micro-manipulator. An Ag/AgCl reference electrode (1 mm (dia) x 10 mm) and... 

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