Technological utility

Electrokinetics. Electrokinetics is a tested technology that has been used for over half a century to dewater and stabilize soils, and has recently been investigated for in situ use at hazardous waste sites (23). Primarily used for metals removal, the technology utilizes an electrical field to generate a flow and concentration gradient in porous and semiporous soils. 

Processing intelligent What is needed is to cut inefficiency, such as the variables, and in turn cut the costs associated with them. One approach that can overcome these difficulties is called intelligent processing (IP) of materials. This technology utilizes new sensors, expert systems, and process models that control processing conditions as materials are produced and processed without the need for human control or monitoring. Sensors and expert systems are not new in themselves. 

On the whole, the technology utilized to produce the variety of new nanostructured colloidal materials, as outlined in this chapter, is unparalleled in its versatility and simplicity and is therefore foreseen to become widely used in the engineering of colloidal entities for various applications in the physical and life sciences. 

The primary goal of the researchers has been to produce Q-dots possessing all of the attributes of the Q-dots prepared using liquid-phase synthetic methods (that is adjustability of the nanocrystal identity and diameter and size monodispersity) and also the technological utility of Q-dots prepared by MBE (specifically, the deposition of nanocrystals with a defined orientation and an electrical output contact). It was shown that the E/C-synthesized 5-CuI and CdS Q-dots were indeed epitaxial with narrow size distribution and strong photoluminescence tunable by the particle size. Qne of the advantages of the E/C method is that it can be made size selective. The key point is that the size as well as the size dispersion of product nanoparticles are directed actually by the corresponding properties of the metal nanoparticles therefore the first deposition step assumes special importance. 

Following earlier studies about physico-chemical characterization of sunflower pectin (Alarc o-Silva, 1990 Leitao et al, 1995) and technological utilization in the manufacture of low-caloric gels (Alarcao-Silva et al, 1992), we intend with this contribution to study the behaviour of this pectin in the confection of grape juice jellies and the evaluation of their organoleptic characteristics. 

Hydrogen compression. Compression of natural gas is a well-established technology. Utilizing natural gas compression technologies for hydrogen is unreliable because... 

The reduction in the numbers of incinerators and the limitations of autoclaves have created the need for alternative medical waste treatment systems. Currently, there are over 40 such technologies available from greater than 70 manufacturers within the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Australia. While these systems vary in their treatment capacity, the extent of automation, and overall volume reduction, all alternative technologies utilize one or more of the following methods (1) heating the waste to a minimum of 90 to 95°C by means of microwaves, radio waves, hot oil, hot water, steam, or superheated gases (2) exposing the waste to chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) or... 

Scaling of the properties of blast waves from explosive sources is a common practice, and anyone who has even a rudimentary knowledge of blast technology utilizes these laws to predict the properties of blast waves from large-scale explosions based on tests on a much smaller scale. Similarly, results of tests conducted at sea level ambient atmospheric conditions are routinely used to predict the properties of blast waves from explosions detonated under high altitude conditions. 

Lawson H. 1995. Food oils and fats Technology, utilization, and nutrition. New York, NY Chapman Hall. 

The Biocube aerobic biofilter is an ex situ off-gas filtration system that is commercially available. The technology utilizes microbes to biologically oxidize volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and complex odors. It can be used in conjunction with vapor-vacuum-extraction (VVE), a process that draws gases from subsurface soil. These gases often require further treatment before being released into the atmosphere. Biocube has been field tested and has been implemented at over 100 sites for the treatment of hydrocarbon vapors. The technology has also been successfully used for odor control at a variety of sites. In addition, the Biocube system can treat odor and VOC emissions simultaneously. The units are modular, so additional stacks can be added as needed for increased flow and/or removal rates. 

IT Corporation s (IT s) bioremediation technology treats contaminated groundwater and saturated soils. The commercially available technology utilizes extraction and injection wells to deliver nutrients and oxygen to contaminated areas to stimulate indigenous bacteria activity. Organic matter is oxidized by bacteria into innocuous end products including carbon dioxide... 

Methanotrophic biofilters are a biological technology for remediation aqueous- and liquid-phase organic contaminants, particularly chlorinated organics. This technology utilizes a type of bacteria, known as a methanotroph, that consumes methane as a nutrient source. 

Many applications for this technology utilize wells that already exist from previous soil vapor extraction operations. In these cases, costs are further reduced because the need to drill additional wells is negated. 

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